Americana Ebrietatis: The Favorite Tipple of our Forefathers and the Laws and Customs Relating TheretoPeeke, Hewson L. (Hewson Lindsley)
History
Americana Ebrietatis: The Favorite Tipple of our Forefathers and the Laws and Customs Relating Thereto
Peeke, Hewson L. (Hewson Lindsley)
Drinking customs -- United States
"The students lodged in the dormitories and ate at the commons. The
food then partaken of with thankfulness would now be looked upon as
prison fare. At breakfast, which was served at sunrise in summer and at
day-break in winter, there was doled out to each student a small can
of unsettled coffee, a size of biscuit, and a size of butter weighing
generally about an ounce. Dinner was the staple meal, and at this each
student was regaled with a pound of meat. Two days in the week, Monday
and Thursday, the meat was boiled, and, in college language, these
were known as boiling days. On the five remaining days, the meat was
roasted, and to them the nickname of roasting days were fastened. With
the flesh always went potatoes. When boiling days came round, pudding
and cabbage, wild peas and dandelions were added. The only delicacy
to which no stint was applied was the cider, a beverage then fast
supplanting the small beer of the colonial days. This was brought to
the mess in pewter cans which were passed from mouth to mouth, and when
emptied were again replenished. For supper there was a bowl of milk and
a size of bread."
The oldest college in the United States, that of William and Mary, was
founded by the King and Queen of that name, who gave it twenty thousand
acres of land and a penny a pound duty on tobacco exported from
Virginia and Maryland. The assembly also gave it a duty on imported
liquors for its support. This was in 1726, and the proceeds of the tax
were to be devoted to its running expenses and the establishment of
scholarships. Twenty-five years later the same benevolent body enriched
the college with the proceeds of the tax on peddlers. Those who are
inclined to throw stones at the source of these benefactions should
remember that Harvard College has more than once profited by the gains
of an authorized lottery, receiving more than eighteen thousand dollars
from such a source as late as 1805.
In 1752 the rules of William and Mary College required that "spirituous
liquors were to be used in that moderation which became the prudent
and industrious student." From the list were excluded all liquids but
beer, cider, toddy, and spirits and water. In 1798, when the Bishop
of Virginia was president of the college and had apartments in the
building, the English traveler Weld noticed that half a dozen or more
of the students dined at his table one day when he was there. "Some
were without shoes and stockings, others without coats. During the meal
they constantly rose to help themselves from the sideboard."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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