Ephedrin, drug used as base for cold remedies, discovered by K. K. Chen, _Chinese_ ... adrenalin and diastase, discovered by Jokichi Takamine, _Japanese_ ... grape sugar changed into tartaric acid by Mooshegh Vaygoony, _Armenian_ ... George Washington Carver, _Negro_, made 145 products from peanut, 100 products from sweet potato, and 60 products from the pecan ... fermented milk product of high curative values discovered by H. M. Dadoorian, _Armenian_. _Exploration_ A pilot on one of Columbus’ ships was Pedro Alonzo, _Negro_ ... first explorers in New Mexico led by Estévanico, _Moroccan_ ... first settlers of Alabama, who accompanied De Soto in 1540, were Robles, _Negro_, and Feryada, _Greek_ ... first reliable map of Virginia and Maryland made by Augustine Herrman, _Czech_. Lewis, _Welsh_, and Clark, _English_, led the famous expedition to the Northwest ... 1903 Ziegler Expedition to the North Pole led by Anthony Fiala, _Czech_ ... North Pole discovered by Robert Peary, _French-English_, accompanied by Matthew Henson, _Negro_ ... first to fly across South Pole was Richard Byrd, _English_. _Other Sciences_ First of American geologists was William McClure, _Scot_ ... the great naturalist, John J. Audubon, _French-Spanish_, taught us about birds of America ... many inspired to study natural sciences by Louis Agassiz, _French_ ... Henry D. Thoreau, _Huguenot_, was great naturalist and writer ... famous anthropologists are Franz Boas and Edward Sapir, _German Jews_, and Ales Hrdlicka, _Czech_. International authority on zoology and botany is Leonhard Steiniger, _Norwegian_ ... expert on function of cell and fertilization is Ernest Just, _Negro_ ... first botanical garden in world founded near Philadelphia by John Bartram, _Welsh_, early in 18th century ... public garden, established in Georgia by General Oglethorpe, _English_, served as our first agricultural experiment station ... scientific breeding of plants demonstrated by Luther Burbank, _English-French-Netherlander-Scot_. _Philosophers_ Famous philosophers: Wm. James, _Welsh-English_ ... John Dewey, _Irish_ ... Santayana, _Spaniard_ ... Jiddu Krishnamurti, _Hindu_. _Agriculture_ [Illustration] First vineyard in our country was set out by Jean Jacques Dufour, _Swiss_ ... oranges, olives, dates, and grapes were brought to California by Fray Junipero Serra, _Spaniard_ ... fig cuttings were imported by Denotovitch of Fresno, _Yugoslav_ ... wild strawberry developed into large table variety by Johann Schwerdkopf, _German_, who came to Long Island before Revolutionary War. Alfalfa seed, known as Lucerne, brought to Minnesota and developed by Wendelin Grimm, _German_, in 1858 ... hardy alfalfa for prairies of northwest, brought from Siberia and Turkestan by Niels Hansen, _Dane_ ... mower and reaper invented by Cyrus McCormick, _Scotch-Irish_.