Bakelite, a substitute used for ivory and bone in making toilet articles, invented by Leo Baekeland, _Belgian_. He discovered velox, a paper used by photographers, and made several other discoveries through experimenting with the electrolytic cell ... one of our earliest elevators was built by Dr. Nils Collins, _Swede_, a Philadelphia pastor ... the condensor used in radios and electric motors is the result of work done by Alexander Georgiev, _Bulgarian_ ... numerous inventions of a wide and varied nature in connection with steam turbines were developed by Oscar Junggren and by Carl Söderburg, _Swedes_ ... huge machines used for knitting are the invention of Ladislaus Robaczynski, _Armenian_ ... outstanding typewriter designer is Carl Gabrielson, _Swede_. Airbrake invented by George Westinghouse, _English-Netherlander_ ... “scientific divining rod” used in electro-magnetic method of locating metal ore, petroleum, and other minerals devised by Hans Lundberg and Karl Sundberg, _Swedes_ ... in inventing telephone transmitter and motion-picture projector, Edison, _Scot-Netherlander_, helped by Emile Berliner, _German Jew_ ... accuracy gauges from which precision machinery is made, invented by Carl Johannson, _Swede_ ... process for making artificial stone invented by Michael Tymofiev, _Ukrainian_ ... pioneer in radio work and sound motion pictures was Lee De Forest, _French-English_. _Transportation_ [Illustration] First steamboat built and taken down Ohio and Mississippi by Nicholas Roosevelt, _Netherlander_ ... first elevated railroad in New York City was built by José Francisco de Navarro, a _Spaniard_, in 1878 ... first demonstration of steam railroad in practice by John Stevens, _English_, in 1825 ... the Clermont, our first commercially successful steamboat, built by Robert Fulton, _Irish_ ... greatest of clipper ships, Rainbow and Sea Witch, built by John Griffith, _Welsh_ ... wagons and automobiles produced by Studebaker Brothers, _German_. Inventor of modern suspension bridge was John Roebling, _German_, who built beautiful Brooklyn Bridge ... the Niagara cantilever bridge, for heavy railroad traffic, invented by Charles Schneider, _German_ ... the Northwest opened up by railroad builder James J. Hill, _Scotch-Irish_ ... transatlantic flier, Charles Lindbergh, and airship commander, Charles Rosendahl, _Swedes_. _Manufacturing_ Window glass manufactured by Caspar Wistar, _German_, in 1739 ... decorative stoves and glass of highly prized nature manufactured in 18th century by Heinrich Stiegel, _German_ ... the New England cotton mills established by Samuel Slater, _English_ ... first to unite all processes for manufacturing finished cloth in one factory was Patrick Jackson, _Irish_ ... art of making gunpowder perfected by Eleuthere Dupont, _French_.