An Abridgment of the Architecture of Vitruvius: Containing a System of the Whole Works of that AuthorVitruvius Pollio
History
An Abridgment of the Architecture of Vitruvius: Containing a System of the Whole Works of that Author
Vitruvius Pollio
Architecture -- Early works to 1800
[Sidenote: _Lib. 2. Chap. 8._]
[Sidenote: _Lib. 1. Chap. 2._]
[Sidenote: _Lib. 6. Chap. 11._]
As to what regards the Relation of the Parts of the Fabrick one to
another, _Vitruvius_ hath not spoke of it, but only where he prefers the
_Netway_ of Walling before all other sorts of _Masonry_, because of the
Uniformity that is in that Figure, and the laying of the Stones; As to
the Richness of the Materials, he leaves the Disposition to him that is
at the Expences of the Building; and he acknowledges that the Beauty of
the Performance depends wholly upon the Dexterousness and Industry of
the Workmen.
The second sort of _Beauty_, which only pleases by the Circumstances
that accompany it, is of two sorts; The one is called _Wisdom_, and the
other _Regularity_. _Wisdom_ consists in the reasonable use of _Positive
Beauties_, which result from the use and convenient ranking of the
Parts; for the Perfection of which, to a rich and precious Material, is
given an Equal and Uniform Figure, with all the Property and Correctness
possible.
_Vitruvius_ gives us two Examples of this sort of _Beauty_; The first
is, When _Bosses_ or _Relievo's_ are made to hide the Joynts, putting
them directly under the _Bosses_ which hide them by their jetting or
projecture, for this gives them great Beauty and an agreeable Aspect.
The second is, When we consider the Winter-Appartments, that we have a
care, that upon the Ceiling there be little or no Carving, and that the
Ornaments be not made of Stuck, because it hath a shining whiteness,
which will not endure the least nastiness; for it is impossible to
hinder the smoak of the Fire and Candles which are lighted in the
Winter, from tarnishing the beautiful Colour of the Work to which the
Filth will stick, and enter into the Crevises of the Carving, which
cannot be wiped out.
The _Regularity_ depends upon the Observation of the Laws which are
Established for the Proportions of all the Parts of _Architecture_, the
Observation of these Laws extreamly pleases those that understand
_Architecture_, who love these Proportions for two Reasons.
The First is, That they are for the most part founded upon Reason; which
requires, for example, that the parts that support and are under, be
stronger than those above; as we see in _Pedestalls_, which are broader
than the Pillars they support, and they are broader at the bottom than
the top.
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