But still greater is their want of numerals, which grammarians call ordinals, for they cannot count beyond first: _Era námachìt_, the first. So that the Ten Commandments are reckoned in this way: the first commandment, _Era námachìt_, but as they are unable to express _second_, _third_, _fourth_, in their language, instead of these numbers, they place before the commandments, _and another_, _and another_, _&c_. _Cat laháua_, _cat laháua_, _&c_. They have, however, words signifying first and last, _Enàm cahèk_, that which goes before, and _Iñagehék_, that which comes last. They have only two distributive numerals: each _Iñitarapè_, and _Iñóakatapè_, which answers to the Latin, _bini_. _Liñoaka yahat_, means twice. _Ekátarapek_, and sometimes _Haûe ken_, once. This is the extent of the Abiponian arithmetic, and the whole of their scanty supply of numbers. Scarce richer are the Guarany Indians, who cannot go beyond the number four. They call One, _Petey̆_. Two, _Mokoy̆_. Three, _Mbohapĭ_. Four, _Irundy̆_. First, _Iyipĭbae_. Second, _Imomokoyndaba_. Third, _Imombohapĭhaba_. Fourth, _Imoimrundy̆haba_. [1]_Singuli, Petey̆tey̆. Bini, Mokoy̆mokoy̆. Terni, Mbohápĭhapĭ. Quaterni, Irundy̆ rundy̆._ Once, _Petey̆ yebĭ_. Twice, _Mokoy̆ yebi_, _&c_. The Guaranies, like the Abipones, when questioned respecting a thing exceeding four, immediately reply, _Ndipapahabi_, or _Ndipapahai_, innumerable. But as a knowledge of numbers is highly necessary in the uses of civilized life, and above all, in confession, the Guaranies were daily taught at church to count in the Spanish language, in the public explanation, or recitation of the catechism. On Sunday, the whole people used to count from one to a thousand, in the Spanish tongue, in the church. But it was all in vain. Generally speaking, we found the art of music, painting, and sculpture, easier learnt than numbers. They can all pronounce the numbers in Spanish, but are so easily and frequently confused in counting, that you must be very cautious how you credit what they say in this matter. Footnote 1: I give the original Latin in this and other places, where the English does not fully express the meaning. For the conjugation of verbs, no paradigm can be given; as the singular number of the present tense of the indicative mood differs in almost all words, and is more difficult to learn than the augments of the Greek verbs. The second person particularly takes new letters, not only in the beginning, but also in the middle, and the end, as will appear from the examples which I shall lay before you. _Singular._ _Plural._ _I love_ Rikapìt _We love_ Grkapitàk _Thou lovest_ Grkàpichì _Ye love_ Grkápichii _He loves_ Nkàpit _They love_ Nkapitè _I know_ Riáraige Graáraigè Yaraige _I remember_ Hakaleènt Hakaleènchì Yakaleènt