An Account of the Late Improvements in Galvanism: With a Series of Curious and Interesting Experiments Performed Before the Commissioners of the French National Institute, and Repeated Lately in the Anatomical Theatres of LondonAldini, Giovanni
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An Account of the Late Improvements in Galvanism: With a Series of Curious and Interesting Experiments Performed Before the Commissioners of the French National Institute, and Repeated Lately in the Anatomical Theatres of London
Aldini, Giovanni
Electricity -- Early works to 1850
Before I conclude this short introduction, I consider it as my duty to
acknowledge my obligations to Mr. CARPUE, lecturer on anatomy, and Mr.
HUTCHINS, a medical pupil, for the assistance they afforded me in the
dissection. I was also much indebted to Mr. CUTHBERTSON, an eminent
mathematical instrument maker, who directed and arranged the Galvanic
apparatus. Encouraged by the aid of these gentlemen, and the polite
attention of Mr. KEATE, I attempted a series of experiments, of which
the following is a brief account.
EXPERIMENT I.
One arc being applied to the mouth, and another to the ear, wetted
with a solution of muriate of soda (common salt), Galvanism was
communicated by means of three troughs combined together, each of
which contained forty plates of zinc, and as many of copper. On the
first application of the arcs the jaw began to quiver, the adjoining
muscles were horribly contorted, and the left eye actually opened.
EXPERIMENT II.
On applying the arc to both ears, a motion of the head was manifested,
and a convulsive action of all the muscles of the face: the lips and
eyelids were also evidently affected; but the action seemed much
increased by making one extremity of the arc to communicate with the
nostrils, the other continuing in one ear.
EXPERIMENT III.
The conductors being applied to the ear, and to the rectum, excited in
the muscles contractions much stronger than in the preceding
experiments. The action even of those muscles furthest distant from
the points of contact with the arc was so much increased as almost to
give an appearance of re-animation.
EXPERIMENT IV.
In this state, wishing to try the power of ordinary stimulants, I
applied volatile alkali to the nostrils and to the mouth, but without
the least sensible action: on applying Galvanism great action was
constantly produced. I then administered the Galvanic stimulus and
volatile alkali together; the convulsions appeared to be much
increased by this combination, and extended from the muscles of the
head, face, and neck, as far as the deltoid. The effect in this case
surpassed our most sanguine expectations, and vitality might, perhaps,
have been restored, if many circumstances had not rendered it
impossible.
EXPERIMENT V.
I next extended the arc from one ear to the biceps flexor cubiti, the
fibres of which had been laid bare by dissection. This produced
violent convulsions in all the muscles of the arm, and especially in
the biceps and the coraco brachialis even without the intervention of
salt water.
EXPERIMENT VI.
An incision having been made in the wrist, among the small filaments
of the nerves and cellular membrane, on bringing the arc into contact
with this part, a very strong action of the muscles of the fore-arm
and hand was immediately perceived. In this, as in the last
experiment, the animal moisture was sufficient to conduct the Galvanic
stimulus without the intervention of salt water.
EXPERIMENT VII.
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