An Account of the Late Improvements in Galvanism: With a Series of Curious and Interesting Experiments Performed Before the Commissioners of the French National Institute, and Repeated Lately in the Anatomical Theatres of LondonAldini, Giovanni
Science
An Account of the Late Improvements in Galvanism: With a Series of Curious and Interesting Experiments Performed Before the Commissioners of the French National Institute, and Repeated Lately in the Anatomical Theatres of London
Aldini, Giovanni
Electricity -- Early works to 1850
I must freely confess, that in repeating these experiments, we found,
that to receive the shock, it was not absolutely necessary that the
person should hold in his hands the two conductors, and that it was
sufficient to touch the wire alone which proceeded from the summit of
the pile. This apparent anomaly deranged at first the result of my
researches; and we suspected that the shocks before received had been
transmitted without the intervention of the water of the sea. It was
therefore necessary that this doubt should be cleared up by new
observations.
I tried separately, on the platform, the action of the two conducting
wires, and found that by touching the wire which fell into the sea no
shock was produced. I then took in my hand the other wire, which
proceeded from the summit of the pile; and having thus brought its
action into equilibrium, I experienced a shock: which shows that the
Galvanic fluid took its course from the bottom of the pile traversing
the sea. M. Sept-Fontaines proposed that we should lower to the level
of the sea the wire which proceeded from the summit of the pile, and
which was extended to Fort Rouge. The action of the Galvanism was then
checked, but was immediately restored by placing the conductor in its
former position. Thus, notwithstanding the large extent of water by
which the metallic conductors were separated; and notwithstanding the
agitation produced by the sea, the Galvanism found no obstacle to its
propagation, and pursued its usual direction.
Hence it may be readily perceived, that though the experiments here
described are analogous to those formerly made with the Leyden flask
on lakes and rivers, they are new of their kind, and may contribute to
establish the similarity between the properties of common electricity
and of Galvanism. I will even venture to assert, that these
experiments, if pursued and varied, may lead to some interesting
discoveries in natural philosophy.
After making these observations at Fort Rouge, I repaired in company
with M. Sept-Fontaines to the West Mole, to try the power of the pile
unconnected with the sea. Having formed an arc, we found that the
action of the pile, in this case, was stronger; which induced us to
conclude, that the Galvanic power in traversing the sea had been in
some measure weakened. There is reason to suppose, that by
transmitting the Galvanic influence gradually to greater distances
through the sea, the point of the minimum of its action, that is, a
distance at which it will no longer be sensible, may be discovered.
This distance remains to be determined, and also the difference
between the propagation of common electricity in fresh water, and that
of Galvanism in salt water.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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