According to Sale’s translation of the 12th verse of chap. iv., and a note thereon, if the deceased have no child, and his parents be his heirs, then his mother shall have the third part, and his father the other two-thirds: but if he have brethren, his mother shall have a sixth part;—and by his translation of the last verse of the same chapter, stating that the brothers of a man who has died _without issue_ have a claim to inheritance, it is implied that the brothers, _if the father be living_, must have a share; consequently, that they would have, in the case above-mentioned, a sixth part: for he has not stated that this portion which is deducted from the mother’s share goes to the father, nor that the father’s share is diminished.—Why the mother’s share is diminished and the father’s increased, in the case to which this note relates, I do not see: the reason might be easily inferred, were it not that the surviving brothers or sisters of the deceased may be his brothers or sisters by the mother’s side only. Footnote 189: This is exclusive of what may remain due to her of her dowry, of which one-third is usually held in reserve by the husband, to be paid to her if he divorce her, or when he dies. Footnote 190: The portions of the Kur-án upon which the above laws are founded are verses 12-15, and the last verse, of chap. iv. Footnote 191: The reader may see them in D’Ohsson’s work before mentioned. Footnote 192: Chap. ii., _v._ 280. Footnote 193: Chap. ii., _v._ 173. Footnote 194: Chap. iv., _v._ 94. Footnote 195: Or, according to some, ten thousand dirhems. Footnote 196: Kur-án, chap. v., _v._ 49. Footnote 197: Chap. v., _v._ 42. Footnote 198: The deenár is a mitkál (or nearly 72 English grains) of gold. Sale, copying a false translation by Marracci, and neglecting to examine the Arabic text quoted by the latter, has stated the sum in question to be four deenárs. Footnote 199: The feet are confined by a chain or rope attached at each end to a staff, which is turned round to tighten it. This is called a “falakah.” Two persons (one on each side) strike alternately. Footnote 200: Kur-án, chap. iv., _v._ 19. Footnote 201: This is a “Sunneh” law. The doom, as Mr. Urquhart observes, “stands rather as the expression of public abhorrence, than as a law which is to be carried into execution.” (“Spirit of the East,” vol. ii., p. 425.) The law is the same in the case of the adulterer, if married; but it is never enforced. See Leviticus xx. 10, and John viii. 4, 5. Footnote 202: It is worthy of remark, that the circumstance which occasioned the promulgation of this extraordinary law was an accusation of adultery preferred against the Prophet’s favourite wife, ’A’ïsheh; she was thus absolved from punishment, and her reputation was cleared by additional “revelations.” Footnote 203: Chap. xxiv., _vv._ 4-9. Footnote 204: