An account of the plague which raged at Moscow, in 1771Mertens, Charles de
History
An account of the plague which raged at Moscow, in 1771
Mertens, Charles de
Plague -- Russia (Federation) -- Moscow -- Early works to 1800
After taking great pains to ascertain in what manner the plague was
introduced into the military hospital, the physician to that institution
at length found out that two soldiers had died there in the month of
November, 1770, a short time after their arrival from Choczim, where the
plague was then raging; and that a Colonel, in whose train they were,
had died upon the road. It would seem that the anatomical dissector
opened the bodies of these soldiers; and that he caught the plague of
them. The persons who waited upon the sick, either became infected by
touching the bodies of these soldiers whilst they were living; or by
handling their clothes, or their bodies after death. These attendants
afterwards spread the contagion among their families.
Thus have we traced the history of the plague which depopulated Moscow
in the year 1771, from its first appearance to its final extinction. A
plain and faithful statement of facts, even at the risk of being
tedious, is what has been aimed at in this narrative; for let it be
observed, that it is from simple details of the origin and progress of
the plague, as it appears in different places, and of the symptoms and
other circumstances with which it is accompanied, and not from the
laboured dissertations that have been written upon it by some
voluminous authors, that we can hope to acquire an accurate knowledge
of the nature of this disorder, to ascertain the manner in which its
contagion is propagated, and lastly to discover the best methods of
prevention and cure.
ADDENDA.
A.
_Symptoms more particularly described._
The symptoms of the plague vary according to the different constitutions
of the persons whom it attacks, and the season of the year in which it
appears. Sometimes it wears the mask of other diseases; but in general
it is ushered in by head-ach, stupor, resembling intoxication,
shiverings, depression of spirits, and loss of strength; these are
followed by some degree of fever, together with nausea and vomiting. The
eyes become red, the countenance melancholy, and the tongue white and
foul. In this state of things, the patients are sometimes capable of
sitting up, and going about for some hours, or even a day or two. They
feel an itching or pain in those parts of the body where buboes and
carbuncles are about to appear. During the height of the plague, many of
the infected die on the second or third day, before these tumours have
time to come out, and with no other external marks except petechiæ or
purple spots, which appear a short time before death; in some these
spots are altogether wanting. The buboes and carbuncles generally come
out on the second or third day, seldom on the fourth.
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