An account of the plague which raged at Moscow, in 1771Mertens, Charles de
History
An account of the plague which raged at Moscow, in 1771
Mertens, Charles de
Plague -- Russia (Federation) -- Moscow -- Early works to 1800
and at length imperceptible. Sometimes there is a low delirium; but in
many instances the patients are sensible to the last. These are all the
febrile symptoms that are observable. Rudiments or germs of buboes are
seen upon the dead bodies.
Of these two varieties of the plague in its most acute form, the first
was observed to take place in persons of a robust constitution and in
full health, after making too hearty a meal on food not easily digested,
or eating too much fruit, &c. The other variety attacked those who were
under the influence of terror, or after immoderate venery, bleeding, &c.
The very acute type of the plague is less frequent than the other types,
and often destroys the patient before medical assistance is called in;
in so much that he who appeared well yesterday, is to day carried to his
grave. In this species of the plague, I never saw perfect carbuncles and
exanthemata; but buboes come out quickly after the attack, and are seen
considerably elevated and livid in the dead bodies.
Such is the description of symptoms given by _Orræus_, a diligent and
accurate observer. That published by _Samoïlowitz_[53], although it is
not so circumstantial nor so well digested, coincides in all essential
points with the above. This last author considers the plague under three
different aspects or varieties, which correspond to the _three periods
of its beginning, its height, and its decline_. In the first and last
period, carbuncles and confluent petechiæ, or broad maculæ, are very
rarely met with; whereas in the middle period, when the disorder rages
with the greatest fury, they both occur in one and the same subject, and
denote the utmost danger. At this period, (viz. when the plague is at
its height) the pestilential particles being more virulent, more
volatile, and more subtile, enter the body more readily, act upon it
with greater force, and produce a disease which runs its course with
greater rapidity than in either of the other two degrees or varieties of
the plague.
The symptoms in _the first period of the plague_ are few and moderate;
they are for the most part reducible to head-ache, vomiting, and
buboes; petechiæ rarely appear[54], or if they do, they are distinct and
very small; carbuncles are hardly ever seen. This degree of the plague
terminates favourably by a suppuration of the buboes, often without any
assistance from art. It may therefore be termed the mild or benignant
form of the plague.
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