At present we have only mentioned existing examples; but the ancient
writings furnish us with other no less important matter. The description
of the celebrated Ark of Moses, and of the Tabernacle, taken with that
of the Temple of David, contains a complete history of polychromy. This
curious recital of Jewish antiquities presents us with a progressive
development of that elementary principle of architecture which I term
“the Enclosure.”
The documents and chronicles of other nations furnish us with parallels
to what is contained in the holy writings. The Temple of the Slaves at
Mechlenburg, according to the description of Baron von Rumohr, on the
faith of ancient chroniclers; was constructed in the Oriental fashion,
and richly ornamented with tapestry and gilded wood work.
THE GREEKS.
We now come to the Greeks. Hellenic art must have partaken of the
composite character which is manifested in Hellenism generally, and
which is so well expressed in the Grecian mythology.
As the beautiful marble, which forms the cliffs and coasts of Greece,
notwithstanding its homogeneous transformation, betrays by veins, by
fossils, and other indications, its sedimentary origin, so Hellenism,
although it may appear homogeneous, and cast—so to speak—in one single
jet, betrays, nevertheless, its secondary origin, and the sediment which
constitutes its material groundwork.
It would be important to follow up these vestiges of rudimentary
Hellenism, since they might enlighten us on certain phenomena in
Hellenic art, which have been up to the present time inexplicable
without them.
This applies especially to the polychromy of Greek edifices. Much yet
remains to be done in this department of Art History, which has been
generally discussed either by learned men but no artists, or artists
with little learning. The vestiges of rudimentary Hellenism of which I
speak, wherever visible, present the same features that we meet with in
Assyria, Egypt, and China, and even among savage races; but it would
appear that the Greeks, prior to treating in their peculiar manner those
principles of art which they inherited, had partly forgotten their
origin and their material or hieratical meaning. Thus, only, could they
have had the mind free, and ready to commence them anew with an artistic
and poetical feeling.
Exactly the same thing occurred in their mythology, which is only poetic
fiction based on traditions and fables, partly native, partly foreign,
the primitive meaning of which was no longer understood by the poets,
who formed them into the groundwork of their cosmogony.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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