The catechism of the Council of Trent says: “The pastor, therefore, will not omit to remind the faithful that the guilt and punishment of original sin were not confined to Adam, but justly descended from him, their source and cause, to all posterity. Hence a sentence of condemnation was pronounced _against the human race_ immediately after the fall of Adam.” John Calvin. The celebrated John Calvin, one of the greatest Protestant theologians at the period of the Reformation, wrote a complete _system_ based on the Augustinian theory. This system has been perpetuated in all the various sects which from him are named _Calvinistic_. The following extract gives his views on this subject: _John Calvin._ “It is a hereditary depravity and corruption of our nature, diffused through all parts of the soul, which, in the first place, exposes us to the wrath of God, and then produces in us those works which the Scripture calls the works of the flesh.” Of infants, he says: “They bring their condemnation with them from their mother’s womb, being liable to punishment, not for the sin of another, but for their own. For although they have not as yet produced the fruits of their iniquity, yet they have the seed inclosed in themselves; nay, their whole nature is, as it were, a seed of sin; therefore they can not but be odious and abominable to God. Whence it follows that it is properly considered sin before God, because there could not be liability to punishment without sin.” “The corruption of nature precedes and gives rise to all sinful acts, and is in itself deserving of punishment.” Westminster Assembly. The Westminster Assembly represented the Calvinistic sects of Great Britain near the period of the Reformation. The confession of faith and catechisms prepared by them have ever since been received as a true statement of the system of religious doctrine, as held by the Presbyterian, Congregational, and Calvinistic Baptist denominations in Great Britain and America. The following presents the Augustinian theory, as contained in their creed: “A _corrupted nature_ was conveyed from our first parents to all their posterity. From this original corruption, whereby we are utterly indisposed, disabled, and made opposite to all good, and wholly inclined to all evil, do proceed all actual transgressions. Every sin, both original and actual, being a transgression of the righteous law of God, and contrary thereunto, doth in its own nature bring guilt upon the sinner, whereby he is bound over to the wrath of God and curse of the law, and so made subject to death, with all miseries, spiritual, temporal and eternal.” The Episcopalians. The following from the Thirty‐nine Articles of the Church of England presents the same doctrine, as held by the Episcopalians of Great Britain and America: