An Elementary Course in Synthetic Projective Geometry — John Shaqi
An Elementary Course in Synthetic Projective GeometryLehmer, Derrick Norman
Science
An Elementary Course in Synthetic Projective Geometry
Lehmer, Derrick Norman
Geometry, Projective
Preface
Contents
CHAPTER I - ONE-TO-ONE CORRESPONDENCE
1. Definition of one-to-one correspondence
2. Consequences of one-to-one correspondence
3. Applications in mathematics
4. One-to-one correspondence and enumeration
5. Correspondence between a part and the whole
6. Infinitely distant point
7. Axial pencil; fundamental forms
8. Perspective position
9. Projective relation
10. Infinity-to-one correspondence
11. Infinitudes of different orders
12. Points in a plane
13. Lines through a point
14. Planes through a point
15. Lines in a plane
16. Plane system and point system
17. Planes in space
18. Points of space
19. Space system
20. Lines in space
21. Correspondence between points and numbers
22. Elements at infinity
PROBLEMS
CHAPTER II - RELATIONS BETWEEN FUNDAMENTAL FORMS IN ONE-TO-ONE
CORRESPONDENCE WITH EACH OTHER
23. Seven fundamental forms
24. Projective properties
25. Desargues’s theorem
26. Fundamental theorem concerning two complete quadrangles
27. Importance of the theorem
28. Restatement of the theorem
29. Four harmonic points
30. Harmonic conjugates
31. Importance of the notion of four harmonic points
32. Projective invariance of four harmonic points
33. Four harmonic lines
34. Four harmonic planes
35. Summary of results
36. Definition of projectivity
37. Correspondence between harmonic conjugates
38. Separation of harmonic conjugates
39. Harmonic conjugate of the point at infinity
40. Projective theorems and metrical theorems. Linear construction
41. Parallels and mid-points
42. Division of segment into equal parts
43. Numerical relations
44. Algebraic formula connecting four harmonic points
45. Further formulae
46. Anharmonic ratio
PROBLEMS
CHAPTER III - COMBINATION OF TWO PROJECTIVELY RELATED FUNDAMENTAL FORMS
47. Superposed fundamental forms. Self-corresponding elements
48. Special case
49. Fundamental theorem. Postulate of continuity
50. Extension of theorem to pencils of rays and planes
51. Projective point-rows having a self-corresponding point in common
52. Point-rows in perspective position
53. Pencils in perspective position
54. Axial pencils in perspective position
55. Point-row of the second order
56. Degeneration of locus
57. Pencils of rays of the second order
58. Degenerate case
59. Cone of the second order
PROBLEMS
CHAPTER IV - POINT-ROWS OF THE SECOND ORDER
60. Point-row of the second order defined
61. Tangent line
62. Determination of the locus
63. Restatement of the problem
64. Solution of the fundamental problem
65. Different constructions for the figure
66. Lines joining four points of the locus to a fifth
67. Restatement of the theorem
68. Further important theorem
69. Pascal’s theorem
70. Permutation of points in Pascal’s theorem
71. Harmonic points on a point-row of the second order
72.
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