An enquiry concerning the principles of natural knowledgeWhitehead, Alfred North
Philosophy
An enquiry concerning the principles of natural knowledge
Whitehead, Alfred North
Knowledge, Theory of; Science -- Philosophy; Space and time
Each event-particle is contained in one and only one point of each
time-system, and will be said to 'occupy' such a point. Two points of
the same time-system never intersect; two point-tracks which are
respectively points in the spaces of different time-systems either do
not intersect or intersect in one event-particle only.
Since each point-track intersects any moment in one and only one
event-particle, two co-momental event-particles cannot lie on the same
point-track. A pair of sequent event-particles lie in one and only one
point-track, apart from exceptional cases when they lie in
'null-tracks.' Null-tracks are introduced later in
article 45.
42.4 In the four-dimensional geometry of event-particles it has
already been pointed out that rects have the character of straight
lines, but that since sequent event-particles do not lie on the same
rect there is a missing set of straight lines required to complete the
geometry. Point-tracks [together with the exceptional set of loci termed
'null-tracks'] form this missing set of straight lines for this geometry
of event-particles.
The event-particles occupying a point-track have an order derived from
the covering moments of any time-system. Those on a null-track have an
order derived from routes which it is not necessary to discuss.
43. Parallelism. 43.1 A theory of
parallelism holds for point-tracks and can be connected with the
analogous theory for rects. Point-tracks which are points in the space
of the same time-system are called 'parallel.' Thus a complete family of
parallel point-tracks is merely a complete family of points in the space
of some time-system. The parallelism of point-tracks is evidently
transitive, symmetrical and reflexive. The definition of the parallelism
of stations is derived from that of point-tracks.
43.2 The parallelism of point-tracks and the
parallelism of rects and moments are interconnected. Let be any
rect in a moment , and let be any family of parallel
point-tracks. Then a certain set of point-tracks belonging to
will intersect , and this set will intersect any moment parallel to
in a rect parallel to . Again let be any point-track
and let be any complete family of parallel rects. Then a certain
set of rects belonging to will intersect ; name it
. Let be any event-particle on some member of
; then the point-track containing and parallel to
will intersect every member of .
43.3 A theorem analogous to those of 43.2
also holds for two families of point-tracks. Let be any
point-track and let be any family of parallel point-tracks to
which does not belong. Then a certain set of point-tracks
belonging to will intersect ; name it . Let P be
any event-particle occupying some member of ; then the
point-track occupied by and parallel to will intersect every
member of .
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