How the attraction of electrics is performed, he acknowledges is not
easily determined; though, he says, “that it is performed by effluviums
is plain, and granted by most; for electrics will not commonly attract,
except they grow hot and perspirable. For if they be foul and
obnubilated, it hinders their effluxion; nor if they be covered, though
but with linen or sarsenet, or if a body be interposed, for that
intercepts the _effluvium_. If also a powerful and broad electric of wax
or _anime_ be held over fine powder, the atoms or small particles will
ascend most numerously unto it; and if the electric be held unto the
light, it may be observed that many thereof will fly, and be as it were
discharged from the electric to the distance sometime of two or three
inches. Which motion is performed by the breath of the _effluvium_
issuing with agility; for as the electric cooleth, the projection of the
atoms ceaseth.”
Sir Francis Bacon in his “Physiological Remains,” has inserted a
catalogue of bodies attractive and not attractive; but he differs in
nothing worth mentioning from his predecessors.
Mr. Boyle, who so eminently distinguished himself in the latter part of
the seventeenth century, was led by the study of chemistry, to give some
attention to electricity. He enlarged the catalogue of electrics; and
noticed some circumstances relating to electrical attraction, which had
escaped former philosophers. The electrical properties of bodies he
found were increased by wiping and warming them, before they were
rubbed. Bodies of all kinds, he observed, were indiscriminately
attracted; and this attraction he supposed took place in vacuo as well
as in the open air.
Hitherto the attraction of electrics was the single phenomenon noticed
by philosophers. Gilbert, even when remarking on the characteristic
differences between magnetism and electricity, observes, that in
magnetism there is both attraction and repulsion, but in electricity
only the latter, and not the former.[5] Boyle made an approach to the
discovery of this fact of electrical repulsion, by remarking that light
bodies, as feathers &c. would cling to his fingers and other substances,
after they had been attracted by electrics.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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