An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding, Volume 1: MDCXC, Based on the 2nd Edition, Books 1 and 2Locke, John
Philosophy
An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding, Volume 1: MDCXC, Based on the 2nd Edition, Books 1 and 2
Locke, John
Knowledge, Theory of -- Early works to 1800
For the freezing of water, or the blooming of a plant, returning at
equidistant periods in all parts of the earth, would as well serve men
to reckon their years by, as the motions of the sun: and in effect we
see, that some people in America counted their years by the coming of
certain birds amongst them at their certain seasons, and leaving them
at others. For a fit of an ague; the sense of hunger or thirst; a smell
or a taste; or any other idea returning constantly at equidistant
periods, and making itself universally be taken notice of, would not
fail to measure out the course of succession, and distinguish the
distances of time. Thus we see that men born blind count time well
enough by years, whose revolutions yet they cannot distinguish by
motions that they perceive not. And I ask whether a blind man, who
distinguished his years either by the heat of summer, or cold of
winter; by the smell of any flower of the spring, or taste of any fruit
of the autumn, would not have a better measure of time than the Romans
had before the reformation of their calendar by Julius Caesar, or many
other people, whose years, notwithstanding the motion of the sun, which
they pretended to make use of, are very irregular? And it adds no small
difficulty to chronology, that the exact lengths of the years that
several nations counted by, are hard to be known, they differing very
much one from another, and I think I may say all of them from the
precise motion of the sun. And if the sun moved from the creation to
the flood constantly in the equator, and so equally dispersed its light
and heat to all the habitable parts of the earth, in days all of the
same length without its annual variations to the tropics, as a late
ingenious author supposes, I do not think it very easy to imagine, that
(notwithstanding the motion of the sun) men should in the antediluvian
world, from the beginning, count by years, or measure their time by
periods that had no sensible mark very obvious to distinguish them by.
21. No two Parts of Duration can be certainly known to be equal.
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