An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding, Volume 1: MDCXC, Based on the 2nd Edition, Books 1 and 2Locke, John
Philosophy
An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding, Volume 1: MDCXC, Based on the 2nd Edition, Books 1 and 2
Locke, John
Knowledge, Theory of -- Early works to 1800
But of all other ideas, it is number, as I have said, which I think
furnishes us with the clearest and most distinct idea of infinity we
are capable of. For, even in space and duration, when the mind pursues
the idea of infinity, it there makes use of the ideas and repetitions
of numbers, as of millions and millions of miles, or years, which are
so many distinct ideas,—kept best by number from running into a
confused heap, wherein the mind loses itself; and when it has added
together as many millions, &c., as it pleases, of known lengths of
space or duration, the clearest idea it can get of infinity, is the
confused incomprehensible remainder of endless addible numbers, which
affords no prospect of stop or boundary.
10. Our different Conceptions of the Infinity of Number contrasted with
those of Duration and Expansion.
It will, perhaps, give us a little further light into the idea we have
of infinity, and discover to us, that it is NOTHING BUT THE INFINITY OF
NUMBER APPLIED TO DETERMINATE PARTS, OF WHICH WE HAVE IN OUR MINDS THE
DISTINCT IDEAS, if we consider that number is not generally thought by
us infinite, whereas duration and extension are apt to be so; which
arises from hence,—that in number we are at one end, as it were: for
there being in number nothing LESS than an unit, we there stop, and are
at an end; but in addition, or increase of number, we can set no
bounds: and so it is like a line, whereof one end terminating with us,
the other is extended still forwards, beyond all that we can conceive.
But in space and duration it is otherwise. For in duration we consider
it as if this line of number were extended BOTH ways—to an
unconceivable, undeterminate, and infinite length; which is evident to
anyone that will but reflect on what consideration he hath of Eternity;
which, I suppose, will find to be nothing else but the turning this
infinity of number both ways, a parte ante and a parte post, as they
speak. For, when we would consider eternity, a parte ante, what do we
but, beginning from ourselves and the present time we are in, repeat in
our minds ideas of years, or ages, or any other assignable portion of
duration past, with a prospect of proceeding in such addition with all
the infinity of number: and when we would consider eternity, a parte
post, we just after the same rate begin from ourselves, and reckon by
multiplied periods yet to come, still extending that line of number as
before. And these two being put together, are that infinite duration we
call ETERNITY which, as we turn our view either way, forwards or
backward appears infinite, because we still turn that way the infinite
end of number, i.e. the power still of adding more.
11. How we conceive the Infinity of Space.
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