An essay in defence of the female sex: In which are inserted the characters of a pedant, a squire, a beau, a vertuoso, a poetaster, a city-critick, &c. in a letter to a lady.Astell, Mary
General
An essay in defence of the female sex: In which are inserted the characters of a pedant, a squire, a beau, a vertuoso, a poetaster, a city-critick, &c. in a letter to a lady.
Astell, Mary
Women
knowledge of the _Roman_ and _Greek_ Languages, have a vaster Feild for
their Imaginations to rove in, and their Capacities thereby enlarg’d. To
see whether this be strictly true or not, I mean in what relates to our
debate, I will for once suppose, that we are instructed only in our own
Tongue, and then enquire whether the disadvantage be so great as it is
commonly imagin’d. You know very well, _Madam_, that for Conversation,
it is not requisite we should be Philologers, Rhetoricians,
Philosophers, Historians or Poets; but only that we should think
pertinently and express our thoughts properly, on such matters as are
the proper Subjects for a mixt Conversation. The _Italians_, a People as
delicate in their Conversation as any in the World, have a Maxim that
our selves, our Neighbours, Religion, or Business ought never to be the
Subject. [Sidenote: _Religion, &c. no proper subjects for mixt
Conversation._] There are very substantial Reasons, to be given for
these Restrictions for Men are very apt to be vain, and impertinent,
when they talk of themselves, besides that others are very jealous, and
apt to suspect, that all the good things said, are intended as so many
arguments of preference to them. When they speak of their Neighbours,
they are apt out of a Principle of Emulation and Envy, natural to all
the race of _Adam_ to lessen, and tarnish their Fame, whether by open
Scandal, and Defamatory Stories, and Tales, or by malicious
Insinuations, invidious Circumstances, sinister and covert Reflections.
This humour springs from an over fondness of our selves, and a mistaken
conceit that anothers loss is an addition to our own Reputation, as if
like two Buckets, one must necessarily rise as the other goes down. This
is the basest and most ungenerous of all our natural Failures, and ought
to be corrected as much as possible e’ry where; but more especially in
_Italy_, where Resentments are carried so high, and Revenges prosecuted
with so much Heat, and Animosity. Religion is likewise very tender
there, as in all other places, where the Priests have so much Power and
Authority. But even here, where our differences and Disputes have made
it more tame, and us’d it to rough handling, it ought carefully to be
avoided; for nothing raises unfriendly warmths among Company more than a
religious Argument, which therefore ought to be banisht all Society
intended only for Conversation and Diversion. Business is too dry and
barren to give any Spirit to Conversation, or Pleasure to a Company, and
is therefore rather to be reckon’d among the Encumbrances than Comforts
of Life, however necessary. Besides these, Points of Learning, abstruse
Speculations, and nice Politicks, ought, in my opinion, to be excluded;
because being things that require much Reading and Consideration, they
are not fit to be canvas’d _ex tempore_ in mixt Company, of which ’tis
probable the greatest part will have little to say to ’em, and will
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