Droll aspects of transition of society to a plutocratic form • 287 Refining effect of culture-movement on hilarity • 288 Decline of older voluminous merriment • 290 Conflict between popular mirth and authority • 291 Combination of standards in popular estimate of laughable • 293 Preparation for individual laughter • 295 CHAPTER X. LAUGHTER OF THE INDIVIDUAL: HUMOUR. Definition of humour • 297 Characteristics of humour • 298 Intellectual basis of humorous sentiment • 300 Humorous contemplation as binocular • 301 The field of the laughable for the humorist • 302 Modification of the conative attitude in humour • 304 Complexity of humour as feeling • 305 Problem of fusion of dissimilar feelings • 307 Facts explained by our analysis of humour • 310 Variations of humour with race and nationality • 311 Temperament and individuality in humour • 313 Humour as enlarging range of laughing activity • 315 The finer detection of the amusing in character • 315 The appreciation of unfitness of men to circumstances • 317 Character-study as a pastime • 318 Laughter as permeating sphere of serious • 319 Effect of kindliness in extending range of laughter • 320 Scope for amusing form of self-scrutiny • 321 Laughter as mode of self-correction • 322 How humour aids a man in dealing with others • 325 Laughing away the smaller troubles • 326 Service of humour in the greater troubles • 328 Humorous contemplation of social scene • 330 Amusing aspects of the fine world • 331 The journal as medium of amusing self-display • 334 The social spectacle of the past and of the present • 337 Humour in contemplation of social scene in seasons of stress • 337 The manifestations of war-temper as humorous spectacle • 338 CHAPTER XI. THE LAUGHABLE IN ART: COMEDY. Source of impulse of comic art • 343 Scope for laughter in art as a whole • 345 Origin of jocose literature • 346 The dawn of comedy • 346 Comic incidents as development of child’s play • 347 Comic value of repetitions • 348 Elements of trickery and dupery • 349 Comedy as reflecting movements of social laughter • 351 Comic dialogue as display of wit • 353 Theories of wit • 354 Wit as intellect at play • 354 Wit and word-play • 356 Character as comic material • 357 Mode of representation of character in comedy • 358 Comic character as type • 359 Development of character-drawing in classic comedy • 359 Treatment of character in early English comedy • 361 Molière as comic portrayer • 364 His art of constructing character • 364 Contrast of the anti-social person and the social world • 365 The abstract and the concrete in Molière’s characters • 365 The comic dénouement in Molière’s plays • 368 Molière’s point of view • 368 Characteristics of Comedy of Restoration • 370