Mrs. U. aged 60, has been subject to ulcerated legs for several years. She has one ulcer on the outer ankle of the size of a shilling, and another behind it of the size of a horse-bean; they have been extremely troublesome and under surgical treatment for the last year, but during the last few weeks she has tried cerate, poultice, and the cold lotion. The leg is much swollen and inflamed, the redness extending several inches round the wound and over the instep; the oedema increases towards night. She has been in the habit of taking saline purgatives frequently. I directed my patient to continue the cold poultice and lotion, and to rest completely for several days. At this period, the inflammation having somewhat abated, I applied the lunar caustic to form eschars and protected the parts with gold-beater's skin. On the following day there was a slight increase of redness round the eschars. Upon making an incision into their centre some fluid was evacuated. The same report was made on each of the two following days. On the seventh day, the eschars having been neglected, fluid had escaped from beneath the eschars at their edges, and my patient complained of more pain. A little more fluid escaped in the same manner on the following day on making a little pressure upon the eschars. I applied the caustic to make up the breach. Subsequently to this day there was an increase of inflammation. From this circumstance, and from the neglect of the eschars for two or three days already mentioned, I suspected the formation of a scab under them. It was impossible to pierce the eschars by the penknife without breaking them, as they had become too hard and thick by delay and the addition of the scab. I again directed the cold poultice for four or five days. On examining the wounds on the separation of the eschars, I found the healing process going on. I reapplied the lunar caustic to form eschars, and I evacuated a little fluid from their centre for three successive days. At this time the patient took cold and a smart attack of fever came on, and the part round the eschars became much inflamed. I prescribed an emetic and purge, and a cold poultice and lotion. In the space of a week I again attempted to form an eschar over the larger wound, for the smaller one had quite healed. The next day I discharged a little fluid from the centre, and again on the eight or nine succeeding days, giving saline purgatives. After this time the eschar remained adherent, and no further remedy was required. This case is particularly interesting and important, as it illustrates the plans to be adopted in two circumstances of no unfrequent occurrence; 1. when there is an attack of fever and increased inflammation, and 2. when a scab forms underneath the eschar. In both cases we must relinquish our attempt to form an adherent eschar for a time,--apply the poultice,--and recur to the caustic in the course of a few days.