An essay towards a natural history of serpentsOwen, Charles
History
An essay towards a natural history of serpents
Owen, Charles
Serpent worship -- Early works to 1800; Serpents -- Early works to 1800; Serpents -- Religious aspects -- Early works to 1800
Were they all _viviparous_, that is, brought forth living Births, there
would be but a small Number, and not sufficient to support the whole
animal Body: Corn, Grass, Fruits, _&c._ are no Production of the Sea,
therefore can be no Food for Fish: The Almighty Creator so ordained it,
that they should feed one upon another; and this made it necessary that
they should be _oviparous_, that they might increase in great Plenty,
which they could not do, if they were of the _viviparous_ Kind; that is,
brought forth their living Offspring, as Vipers, Sheep, Hares, Cows do.
But Fish being _oviparous_, propagating their Kind by Eggs, which, for
Number, are infinite, their Progeny is innumerable, and sufficient to
support all the Branches of the Marine Family; even the lesser Kind of
Fish send forth an incredible Number of Spawn.
On the other hand, if four-footed Beasts were propagated by Eggs, they
would soon cover the Face of the Earth, without a daily Destruction of
them, which would take up no little time, tho’ an _Army of Nimrods_ were
employed. Birds increase by Eggs, and bring forth great Numbers; and
perhaps, for this reason, that Birds of Prey and Serpents, Kitchens,
_&c._ might not want proper Supplies. Now, if a Female Bird was great
with six or twelve Young Ones at once, the Burden would be intolerable,
her Wings would fail, and she would become an easy Prey to her Enemies.
But you will say, what if they brought forth only one or two at a time,
till they amounted to the usual Number of their Eggs? I answer, that
then they would be troubled all the Year long with feeding their Young,
or bearing them in their Womb.
This Production of Creatures by Eggs, is a wonderful Phænomenon in the
animal World; the Eggs are shelly and hard, to preserve the included
Embryo from Accidents, and to contain suitable Nutriment for it. ’Tis
observable that Chickens, while in their dark embryotick State, are
nourished by the _White_ alone, till grown big, and then feed on the
_Yolk_, as the stronger Diet; and, when that is consumed, the Shell
opens, and lets out the Prisoners.
Though all Fowl are hatched from Eggs, yet it is not always by the
Parent’s Incubation, or Brooding, but by some other Warmth: The
_Tortoise_ is said to lay no less than fifteen hundred Eggs, which she
covers in the Sand, and leaves the Sun to hatch them. The Eggs of the
_Ostrich_[8] are hatched after the same manner; so the Serpent lays, and
leaves her Eggs in the Dunghill.
Footnote 8:
_Job_ xxxix. 14, 15. _Willoughby’s Ornithol._ _lib._ ii. _cap._ 8.
The _Eggs_ of Serpents, and certain other Animals, are Parts formed in
the Ovaries of the Female, covered with a Shell, which includes an
Embryo of the same Species. In the days of old, the Egg was the Symbol
of the World; the World, by Tradition, being made of an _Egg_: Hence
Eggs became of singular Importance in the Sacrifices of _Cybele_ the
Mother of the Gods. Some of the Pagan Deities were said to be produced
from Eggs.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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