An Historical Relation of the Island Ceylon in the East Indies: Together with an Account of the Detaining in Captivity the Author and Divers other Englishmen Now Living There, and of the Author's Miraculous EscapeKnox, Robert
History
An Historical Relation of the Island Ceylon in the East Indies: Together with an Account of the Detaining in Captivity the Author and Divers other Englishmen Now Living There, and of the Author's Miraculous Escape
Knox, Robert
Sri Lanka -- Description and travel -- Early works to 1800; Sri Lanka -- Social life and customs
They have seven or eight words for Thou, or You, which they apply to
persons according to their quality, or according as they would honour
them. And they are so, Topi, Umba, Umbela, Tomnai, Tomsi, Tomsela,
Tomnanxi. All these words are gradually one higher than the other.
[No difference between a Country man and a Courtier for
Language.] Their ordinary Plow men and Husbandmen do speak elegantly,
and are full of complement. And there is no difference between the
ability and speech of a Country-man and a Courtier. When any hath
a favour to beg of a Noble-man, or any business with him, they do
not abruptly speak their desires or errand at first, but bring it in
with a long harangue of his worth or good disposition or abilities;
[Their speech and manner of Addresses is Courtly and becoming.] and
this in very handsom and taking stile. They bring up their Children
to speak after this manner, and use them to go with errands to great
men; and they are able to tell their tale very well also.
In their speech the people are bold without sheepish shame facedness,
and yet no more confidence than is becoming.
[Their Language in their address to the King.] The King they call
by a name, that signifies somewhat higher than a man, and next to
God. But before the Wars they stiled him Dionanxi, which is a Title
higher than God by the addition of Nanxi. This Title the King took
before the Rebellion, but since he forbad it. When they speak to the
King concerning themselves, they do not speak in the first person,
and say I did so or so, but Baulagot the limb of a Dog did it or will
do it. And when they speak of their Children unto the King, they call
them Puppies. As if he ask them how many Children they have, they say
so many Puppy dogs, and so many Puppy-bitches. By which by the way,
we may conjecture at the height of the King and the slavery of the
People under him.
[Words of Form and Civility.] They have certain words of Form and
Civility, that they use upon occasion. When they come to another
mans house, he asks them what they come for, which is his civility,
and they answer Nicamava, I come for nothing, which is their ordinary
reply, tho they do come for something. And upon this they have a Fable.
A God came down upon earth one day, and bad all his Creatures
come before him and demand what they would have and it should be
granted them. So all the beasts and other Creatures came, and one
desired Strength, and another Legs, and another Wings, &c. And it
was bestowed on them. Then came the White men, the God asked them,
what they came for? And they said, they desired Beauty and Valour
and Riches. It was granted them. At last came the Chingulays, the
God required of them, what they came for. They answered, Nicamava,
I come for nothing. Then replyed he again, do you come for nothing,
then go away with nothing. And so they for their complement fared
worse than all the rest.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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