Of the stock lent at interest; and of those things which regulate the proportion that this kind of stock bears to the whole existing stock of the community. The quantity of stock which may be lent depends in no degree upon the quantity of money in circulation--book 2, chap. iv. Of the principles which determine the rate of interest--ibid. There exists a necessary relation between this and the price of land--ibid. PART THIRD--OF THE MANNER IN WHICH THE MULTIPLICATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF WEALTH TAKES PLACE. Wealth uniformly increases in proportion to the augmentation which the power producing it receives, whether that be in _energy_ or in _extent_--book I. introduction. Labour, in which this power increases in _energy_, 1. By the division of the parts of the same work; 2. By the invention of such machines as abridge and facilitate labour--book I, chap. i. The division of labour adds to its energy, 1. By the skill which the workman in this way acquires; 2. By the saving of time--ibid. The invention of machines is itself an effect of the division of labour--ibid. The natural disposition of mankind to exchange with each other the different productions of their respective labours and talents, is the principle which has given birth to the division of labour--book I, chap. ii. The division of labour must of course be limited by the extent of the market; therefore, whatever tends to widen the market, facilitates the progress of a nation towards opulence--book I, chap. iii. Labour gains in _extent_, 1. In proportion to the accumulation of capital; 2. In proportion to the manner in which these are employed--book I, introduction. The accumulation of capitals is hastened by the increase of the proportion existing between the productive and unproductive consumers--book 2, chap. iii. The proportion between these two classes of consumers is determined by the proportion existing between that part of the annual produce destined to the replacement of capital, and that destined for the purpose of revenue--ibid. The proportion between that part of the annual produce which goes to form capital, and that which goes to form revenue, is great in a rich country, and small in a poor one--ibid. In a wealthy country, the rent of land, taken absolutely, is much greater than in a poor country; but, taken in relation to the capital employed, it is much less--book 2, chap. iii. In a wealthy country, the whole profits of its capital are infinitely greater than in one that is poor; although a given quantity of capital will, in a country of the latter description, produce profits much greater than in an opulent one--ibid. It is industry that furnishes the produce; but it is economy that places in the capital that part of it which would otherwise have become revenue--ibid.