An introduction to the study of mammals living and extinctLydekker, Richard
Science
An introduction to the study of mammals living and extinct
Lydekker, Richard
Mammals
Taking all the various points of its structure together, they clearly
indicate affinities both with the existing Sloths and with the
Anteaters, the skull and teeth more resembling those of the former, and
the vertebral column and limbs the latter. It is also not difficult
to infer the food and habits of this enormous creature. That it was a
leaf-eater there can be little doubt; but the greater size and more
complex structure of its teeth might have enabled it to crush the smaller
branches as well as the leaves and succulent shoots which form the food
of the existing Sloths. It is, however, very improbable that it climbed
into the branches of the trees like its diminutive congeners, and it is
far more likely that it obtained its subsistence by tearing them down
with the great hook-like claws of its powerful prehensile fore limbs,
being easily enabled to reach them by raising itself up upon the massive
tripod formed by the two hind feet, firmly fixed to the ground by the one
huge falcate claw, and the stout, muscular tail. The whole conformation
of the hinder part of the animal is strongly suggestive of such an
action. There can also be little doubt but that all its movements were as
slow and deliberate as those of its modern representatives.
An idea at one time prevailed that the Megatherium was covered externally
with a coat of bony armour like that of the Armadillos; but this
originated in dermal plates belonging to the Glyptodon having been
accidentally associated with bones of the Megatherium. Similar plates,
on a smaller scale, have indeed been found in connection with the
skeleton of the Mylodon, but never yet with the Megatherium, which we may
therefore imagine with a covering of coarse hair like that of its nearest
living allies, the Sloths and Anteaters.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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