Hungary -- History -- Revolution, 1918-1919 -- Personal narratives; Tormay, Cécile, 1876-1937 -- Diaries
The Government speaks of elections, and promises this sham legal
confirmation of its power for January, as the Entente refuses to deal
with it under present conditions. Meanwhile the Social Democrats are
trying to win over the villages, so the reform of the land-laws is again
to the fore. They have always been a poisonous wound in Hungarian life,
and should have been altered, justly, soberly, many a year ago. Previous
governments have postponed it unscrupulously; the present government
wants to use it as a firebrand. Buza Barna, the Minister for Agriculture,
has promised so much land to those who want it that he wouldn’t be able
to find it even if he were to divide up all the entailed and private
estates; and he has promised it for such an early date that it is
technically impossible to deal with the matter in time.
The intention is obvious. After the Russian pattern, they want to gain
the peaceful peasants’ adherence to their revolutionary principles.
So they promise land to everybody. This lying promise has spread with
evil results: following the example of the workers in the towns, the
agricultural labourers have now stopped work. They expect to till their
own plots in the spring, so why should they work for others now? No
autumn sowing is being done, and while the country is starving, maize,
potatoes, beetroot, swedes and vegetables worth millions remain in the
fields unharvested. Agitators visit the villages, inciting the people
against private property and landlords, and appealing to the servants and
labourers to take possession of the land.
As the Budapest Soldiers’ Council rules over the military administration
of the government by means of its government delegates, so the Budapest
Workers’ Council lords it over the civil administration through its
Socialist ministers. The leaders of the Soldiers’ and the Workers’
Councils are all of the foreign race, and they never tire of advancing
their intentions of spoliation, wrapped in the utopian dreams of
Bolshevism. The Workers’ Council at its last meeting in the New Town Hall
settled the fate of land reform by simply overthrowing it, by declaring
that the land was common property—that all private property must cease.
Then they settled the question of taxes in a manner that effectually
rendered any further discussion unnecessary. They proposed a hundred per
cent. tax on all property—_i.e._ confiscation.
These declarations and propositions are spreading rapidly all over the
country and preparing the minds of the people for the second revolution,
which Zsigmond Kunfi, Lenin’s emissary, threatens us will break out if
the middle classes show resistance or dare to organise, or go so far
as to attempt to give satisfaction to the powers of the Entente, who
would prefer to deal with a middle class government rather than with
the present rulers of Bolshevist tendencies. “There is need for a new
revolution,” says he, “and it will come.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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