Note: Images of the original pages are available by viewing Project Gutenberg's HTML version of this file. See 30506-h.htm or 30506-h.zip: (http://www.gutenberg.org/files/30506/30506-h/30506-h.htm) or (http://www.gutenberg.org/files/30506/30506-h.zip) ANARCHISM AND SOCIALISM by GEORGE PLECHANOFF Translated with the permission of the author by Eleanor Marx Aveling Chicago Charles H. Kerr & Company CONTENTS. PUBLISHERS' NOTE 7 PREFACE 13 I. THE POINT OF VIEW OF THE UTOPIAN SOCIALISTS 17 II. THE POINT OF VIEW OF SCIENTIFIC SOCIALISM 30 III. THE HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE ANARCHIST DOCTRINE 38 IV. PROUDHON 53 V. BAKOUNINE 78 VI. BAKOUNINE--(CONCLUDED) 89 VII. THE SMALLER FRY 103 VIII. THE SO-CALLED ANARCHIST TACTICS. THEIR MORALITY 127 IX. THE BOURGEOISIE, ANARCHISM, AND SOCIALISM 143 PUBLISHERS' NOTE In reprinting _Anarchism and Socialism_, by George Plechanoff, we realize that there is not the same need for assailing and exposing anarchism at present as there has been at different times in the past. Yet the book is valuable, not merely because of its historic interest but also to workers coming into contact with the revolutionary movement for the first time. The general conception of anarchism that a beginner often gets is that it is something extremely advanced. It is often expressed somewhat as follows: "After capitalism comes socialism and then comes anarchism." Plechanoff very ably explodes such notions. Within the pages of this work the author shows not only the reactionary character of anarchism, but he exposes its class bias and its empty philosophic idealism and utopian program. He shows anarchism to be just the opposite of scientific socialism or communism. It aims at a society dominated by individualism, which is simply a capitalist ideal. Such ideals as "liberty," "equality," "fraternity," first sprang from the ranks of the petty property owners of early capitalism, as Plechanoff shows. He also points out that while Proudhon is usually credited with being "the father of anarchism" that actually Max Stirner comes closer to being its "father." Stirner's "League of Egoists," he says, "is only the utopia of a petty bourgeois in revolt. In this sense one may say he has spoken the last word of bourgeois individualism."