Anatomy and Embalming: A Treatise on the Science and Art of Embalming, the Latest and Most Successful Methods of Treatment and the General Anatomy Relating to this SubjectNunnamaker, Albert John
Science
Anatomy and Embalming: A Treatise on the Science and Art of Embalming, the Latest and Most Successful Methods of Treatment and the General Anatomy Relating to this Subject
Nunnamaker, Albert John
Embalming
The color of the skin depends upon two things, first, on the pigment,
which is found, one of the discriminating points between the races,
named by the color of the skin as white, black, yellow, etc.; second,
the color depends upon the amount of blood in circulation, the deepest
hue being in the parts exposed to the air, light and the varied
temperatures. Besides these the color of the skin varies with age,
pinkest in the infant and becoming yellow with old age. It varies with
exposure and with climate, the people living in the north having a much
different complexion than those living in the south under the tropical
sun. The color of the skin also varies with certain diseases, being
extremely pale in anaemia, brown in Addison's disease, and yellow in
jaundice.
The skin can be said to be moveable, although in places it is attached
firmly to the underlying structures, especially on the scalp, the soles
of the feet, and the palms of the hands.
Upon close examination the skin discloses a multitude of openings,
creases, furrows, depressions, folds and hairs.
A dimple is a permanent pit or depression due to the adhesion of the
surface to parts beneath.
_Structure._—The skin consists of two intimately connected structures,
the one is the _true skin_, _corium_, or _dermis_ and is the deepest
layer of the skin; and the other is the _false skin_, _cuticle_, or
_epidermis_, and is the outermost layer of the skin.
_The true skin_, is composed mostly of connective tissues and elastic
fibers. It is the real seat of the sense of touch, for it is here that
the sensory nerves have their termination. In this layer we also have
the termination of the minute capillaries of the skin.
_The false skin_, contains no blood vessels or nerves, and being
without these it is practically dead tissue, and to illustrate this
fact one can take a needle and run it through this outside layer
without the least pain or the drawing of blood.
The false skin is the part which slips off in case of skin slip. In
as much as the minute capillaries end at the termination of the true
skin, when putrefaction and fermentation begin there is an oozing of
water from the capillaries and the surrounding tissues, between the two
layers of skin, causing a blister to form, and known as skin slip.
At the lowest part of the false skin is a layer of germinal cells, from
which all the other cells are derived, and becoming more flattened and
horny as they are pushed farther away from the blood supply; and also
a layer of pigment cells, which give the discriminating color to the
skin.
In the skin are seen numerous sebaceous and sweat glands.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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