_Malar Bones._—These are the cheek bones. There are two in number, situated at the upper and outer part of the face. _Palate Bones._—The palate bones, two in number are situated at the back part of the nasal fossae. Each bone assists in the formation of three cavities: the floor and the outer wall of the nose, the roof of the mouth, and the floor of the orbit. _Inferior Turbinated Bones._—The inferior turbinated bones are situated one on each side of the outer wall of the nasal fossae. _Vomer._—The vomer, a single bone, is situated vertically at the back part of the nasal fossae, forming part of the septum of the nose. It is thin and somewhat like a ploughshare in form. =The Hyoid Bone.=—_The hyoid bone_ is named from its resemblance to the Greek letter U. It is also called the lingual bone, because it supports the tongue and gives attachment to its numerous muscles. The omo-hyoid muscle, which crosses the carotid artery at its middle third, has its insertion with the hyoid bone. =The Bones of the Thorax.=—_The Sternum_ or _Breast Bone_.—The sternum is a flat, narrow bone, situated in the median line of the front of the chest. The lower end is called the ensiform process, to which the diaphragm has its anterior attachment. _The Ribs._—The ribs, which are curved arches of bone, form the chief part of the thoracic walls. There are twelve in number on each side, although this number may vary. The ribs are divided into seven pairs of true ribs, three pairs of false ribs, and two pairs of floating ribs, as the following outline will show: Ribs 7 true 3 false 2 floating —— 12 pairs in all. The true ribs are connected behind to the spine and in front to the sternum. The false ribs are connected behind to the spine, but are called false because they are not attached directly to the sternum, but indirectly, the cartilages attaching to the cartilage of the rib next above. The floating ribs are so named because they are only attached at one place, which is the spine and are loose or float in front. =The Bones of the Upper Extremities.=—_The Shoulder girdle_ consists of the _clavicle_ and _scapula_. _The Clavicle._—The clavicle or key bone, so-called because of its supposed resemblance to the key used by the Romans, forms the anterior portion of the shoulder girdle. It is often commonly called the collar bone. _The Scapula._—The scapula comes from a Greek word meaning “a spade.” It forms the back part of the shoulder girdle. _The arm_ is that portion of the upper extremity which is situated between the shoulder and the elbow. _The Humerus._—This is the largest and strongest bone of the upper extremity and is found in the arm between the shoulder and the elbow. It is the only bone in the arm. _The fore arm_ is that portion of the upper extremity which is situated between the elbow and the wrist. The fore arm has two bones, the _ulna_ and the _radius_.