Into the mesenteric glands pass lymphatic vessels from the viscera of
the abdomen. From the mesenteric glands one or two large lymphatic
vessels pass craniodorsad, at first with the portal vein, then dorsad of
it. This vessel reaches the dorsal side of the aorta near the cranial
end of the kidney, where it enters a large fusiform vessel, the
=receptaculum chyli=, which stretches from the cranial end of the kidney
craniad between the crura of the diaphragm into the thorax. The
receptaculum receives other lymphatics from the various organs of the
abdominal cavity as well as vessels coming from the pelvic region, and
from the =iliac= glands. These lie beside the iliac artery, receive
lymphatics from the hind limbs, and send lymphatics craniad to the
receptaculum chyli. The latter forms the beginning of the =thoracic
duct=.
The thoracic duct (Fig. 118, 5, page 282) enters the thoracic cavity
between the crura of the diaphragm as a continuation of the receptaculum
chyli. It lies on the dorsal side of the aorta (_a_), somewhat to the
left. It passes along the aorta, gradually coming to lie more on its
left side, and finally leaves that vessel near the aortic arch. The duct
continues thence straight craniad along the left side of the œsophagus
till it reaches the external jugular vein at its junction with the
subclavian. In this region the thoracic duct usually unites with the
lymphatics coming from the head and arm, then enters the external
jugular vein, or the innominate at the point of union of external
jugular and subclavian.
In its passage through the thorax the duct frequently divides into two
or three divisions which pass along parallel to each other for a
distance, then reunite. Such division into two or three parts is
especially frequent just before the union with the jugular vein. The
numerous valves in the thoracic duct give it a beaded appearance.
5. =Lymphatics of the Pelvic Limbs.=--A number of lymphatic vessels are
formed on the dorsum and the sole of the foot. These pass to the lateral
side, forming a network on the lateral and dorsal surface of the
ankle-joint, and finally unite into two main trunks which accompany the
vena saphena parva. In the popliteal space these enter the =popliteal
gland= which lies imbedded in the fat of that region. From the popliteal
gland one or two trunks accompany the superficial division of the vena
saphena parva across the lateral surface of the biceps muscle, and
finally thus reach the pelvic cavity. Here they join the lymphatics of
the pelvic region, which all pour their lymph at last into the thoracic
duct. Inguinal glands are either very small or not present in the cat.
The pelvic limbs have perhaps a deep system of lymphatics, accompanying
the deep veins; if so, they are not easily demonstrable.
[Illustration: FIG. 133.--CRANIAL PORTION OF THE SPINAL CORD, WITH THE
CERVICAL ENLARGEMENT. DORSAL VIEW.
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