The bending produced by each weight will also be represented precisely
like that in Fig. 12. The triangle _ANB_ represents the bending
produced by _W_₁; _AOB_ the bending produced by _W_₂; and _APB_ the
bending produced by _W_₃. The resultant bending effect produced by the
three loads or weights acting simultaneously is simply the summation
of the three effects each due to a single load. Hence _DC_ is erected
vertically through the point of application of _W_₁, so as to equal
_DN_ added to the two vertical intercepts between _AB_ and _AP_, and
_AB_ and _AO_. Similarly, _HF_ is equal to _HO_ added to the intercepts
between _AB_ and _AP_, and _AB_ and _BN_. Finally, _KL_ is equal to
_PL_ added to the other two intercepts, one between _AB_ and _BN_,
and the other between _AB_ and _BO_. Straight lines then are drawn
through _A_, _C_, _F_, _K_, and _B_. Any vertical intercept between
_AB_ and _ACFKB_ will represent the bending moment in the beam at the
corresponding point. Obviously any number of loads of any magnitude, or
a uniform load, may be treated in precisely the same way.
An important practical rule can readily be deduced from the equations
(16), each one of which may be regarded as a general equation of
moments. If the system of three, or any other number of loads, be moved
a small distance Δ_x_, while they all remain separated by the same
distances as before, the bending moment _M_ will be changed by the
amount shown in equation (16_a_):
_ΔM = RΔx - W₁Δx - W₂Δx -_ etc. (16_a_)
If the notation of the differential calculus be used by writing the
letter _d_ instead of Δ, and if both members of equation (16_a_) be
then divided by _dx_, equation (16_b_) will result:
_ΔM dM_
--- = ---- = _R - W₁ - W₂_ - etc. = shear. (16_b_)
_Δx dx_
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