Advance of the Hittite power in Syria, 231--War of Saplal with Ramesses I., 231--War of Seti I. with Maut-enar, 232--Great Syrian campaign of Seti, followed by a treaty, 233, 235--Seti's other wars, 236--His great wall, 237--Hittite war of Ramesses II., 238, 240--Poem of Pentaour, 241--Results of the battle of Kadesh, a new treaty and an inter-marriage, 242, 243--Military decline of Egypt, 244--Egyptian art reaches its highest point: Great Hall of Columns at Karnak, 245--Tomb of Seti, 246, 247--Colossi of Ramesses II., 248--Ramesses II. the great oppressor of the Israelites, 249--- Physiognomies of Seti I. and Ramesses II, 250-252. XVI. MENEPHTHAH I., THE PHARAOH OF THE EXODUS 253-268 Good prospect of peace on Menephthah's accession, 253--General sketch of his reign, 254--Invasion of the Maxyes, 255--Their Mediterranean allies, 256, 257--Repulse of the invasion, 258-261--Israelite troubles, 262-264--Loss of the Egyptian chariot force in the Red Sea, 265--Internal revolts and difficulties, 265--General review of the civilization of the period, 266-268. XVII. THE DECLINE OF EGYPT UNDER THE LATER RAMESSIDES 269-287 Temporary disintegration of Egypt, 269--Reign of Setnekht, 270--Reign of Ramesses III., 271--General restlessness of the nations in his time 272,--Libyan invasion of Egypt, 273, 274--Great invasion of the Tekaru, Tanauna, and others, 275, 276--First naval battle on record, 277, 278--Part taken by Ramesses in the fight, 278-281--Campaign of revenge, 282--Later years of Ramesses peaceful, 283--General decline of Egypt, 284--Insignificance of the later Ramessides, 284, 285--Deterioration in art, literature, and morals, 285, 287. XVIII. THE PRIEST-KINGS--PINETEM AND SOLOMON 288-297 Influence of the priests in Egypt, 288--Ordinary relations between them and the kings, 289--High-priesthood of Ammon becomes hereditary; Herhor, 290--Reign of Pinetem I., 293--Reign of Men-khepr-ra, 294--Rise of the kingdom of the Israelites, 295--Friendly relations established between Pinetem II. and Solomon, 296--Effect on Hebrew art and architecture, 297. XIX. SHISHAK AND HIS DYNASTY 298-313 Shishak's family Semitic, but not Assyrian or Babylonian, 298--Connected by marriage with the priest-kings, 299, 300--Reception of Jeroboam by Shishak, 301--Shishak's expedition against Rehoboam, 302--Aid lent to Jeroboam in his own kingdom, 303--Arab conquests, 304--Karnak inscription, 305--Shishak's successors, 306--War of Zerah (Osorkon II.?) with Asa, 307--Effect of Zerah's defeat, 309--Decline of the dynasty, 310--Disintegration of Egypt, 310, 311--Further deterioration in literature and art, 311-313. XX. THE LAND SHADOWING WITH WINGS--EGYPT UNDER THE ETHIOPIANS 314-330