ANCIENT PLANTS [Illustration: Photo. of the specimen in Manchester Museum. THE STUMP OF A _LEPIDODENDRON_ FROM THE COAL MEASURES] ANCIENT PLANTS BEING A SIMPLE ACCOUNT OF THE PAST VEGETATION OF THE EARTH AND OF THE RECENT IMPORTANT DISCOVERIES MADE IN THIS REALM OF NATURE STUDY BY MARIE C. STOPES, D.Sc., Ph.D., F.L.S. Lecturer in Fossil Botany, Manchester University Author of “The Study of Plant Life for Young People” LONDON BLACKIE & SON, Limited, 50 OLD BAILEY, E.C. GLASGOW AND BOMBAY 1910 Preface The number and the importance of the discoveries which have been made in the course of the last five or six years in the realm of Fossil Botany have largely altered the aspect of the subject and greatly widened its horizon. Until comparatively recent times the rather narrow outlook and the technical difficulties of the study made it one which could only be appreciated by specialists. This has been gradually changed, owing to the detailed anatomical work which it was found possible to do on the carboniferous plants, and which proved to be of great botanical importance. About ten years ago textbooks in English were written, and the subject was included in the work of the honours students of Botany at the Universities. To-day the important bearing of the results of this branch of Science on several others, as well as its intrinsic value, is so much greater, that anyone who is at all acquainted with general science, and more particularly with Botany and Geology, must find much to interest him in it. There is no book in the English language which places this really attractive subject before the non-specialist, and to do so is the aim of the present volume. The two excellent English books which we possess, viz. Seward’s _Fossil Plants_ (of which the first volume only has appeared, and that ten years ago) and Scott’s _Studies in Fossil Botany_, are ideal for advanced University students. But they are written for students who are supposed to have a previous knowledge of technical botany, and prove very hard or impossible reading for those who are merely acquainted with Science in a general way, or for less advanced students.