Ancient rhetoric and poetic : $b Interpreted from representative worksBaldwin, Charles Sears
History
Ancient rhetoric and poetic : $b Interpreted from representative works
Baldwin, Charles Sears
Classical literature -- History and criticism -- Theory, etc.; Poetics -- History -- To 1500; Rhetoric, Ancient
The Theban people, represented by the chorus supplicating their savior
king, rehearses his great achievements for their deliverance. Œdipus in
the strong confidence of his power and his mission stands before his
palace like a god. At the end of the play he is led slowly from that
palace a broken man. But the composition of the play is not mere reversal
for contrast. Between the first scene and the last, action moves without
haste, but without delay or interruption. The vigorous and self-reliant
king chafes at the cryptic response brought from the oracle by Creon; he
is indignant, then furious, at the tragic silence of the seer Tiresias.
His quick intelligence scents a plot between the two. Breaking through
the interposition of Jocasta, he wins from her false hopes while he gives
her no less unwittingly the premonition of doom. Once suspecting, however
darkly, he must know, he will know, he knows a dreadful part, he knows
more, he knows all. So this great play, though it is focused on a single
day, though it excludes all the past history and the development of
character, is never static. It is never for a moment tableau. Because of
its compression it moves not less, but more.
For that is why Aristotle insists that the dramatic action should be
self-consistent, limited in scope. The object of dramatic unity is not
bareness, but fulness and continuity. It is to give time for full and
intense realization of what actual life merely hints interruptedly.
It is to give us human life undisturbed and uninterrupted, so that we
may see it clearly and whole. We are to have the illusion of actual
experience, yes, but of larger and deeper experience than we can get
from the mere reproduction of facts or from the cross-currents of life
itself. Like every other art, drama is a simplification of life because
it is an interpretation. The dramatic simplification is seen by Aristotle
to consist essentially in moving from revealing crisis to revealing
crisis up to a final revelation. It excludes all the accidental and
the irrelevant that embarrass our actual movements; it tells what has
happened through what is happening; it cuts to the quick. It takes those
moments only in which a man is himself, suppressing those in which he is
indistinguishable from other men. But it does not leap or halt between;
it brings out our real sequences. It reveals life to us by showing the
emotional connection of its great moments.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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