Ancient rhetoric and poetic : $b Interpreted from representative worksBaldwin, Charles Sears
History
Ancient rhetoric and poetic : $b Interpreted from representative works
Baldwin, Charles Sears
Classical literature -- History and criticism -- Theory, etc.; Poetics -- History -- To 1500; Rhetoric, Ancient
So, even more evidently and pervasively, is the broader distinction
between oratory and poetry. Rhetoric and poetic connoted two fields
of composition, two habits of conceiving and ordering, two typical
movements. The movement of the one the ancients saw as primarily
intellectual, a progress from idea to idea determined logically; that
of the other, as primarily imaginative, a progress from image to image
determined emotionally. This distinction is more fundamental than
that of so-called literary forms. The ancients were well aware that a
particular composition might shift from one movement to the other, a
play of Euripides lean toward oratory, an oration of Isocrates move for
a while in the mode of poetry. What they contemplated in their division
was not primarily a composition, but composition as a general habit, the
predominant and determining way of composing, the difference between the
habitual movement of a Demosthenes and that of a Sophocles. Finding these
to be distinct essentially, as typical processes of conceiving, ordering,
and uttering, Aristotle treated them separately as two distinct technics,
rhetoric and poetic.[7]
That the distinction between the habitual composition, or movement, of
rhetoric and that of poetic is not oftener made explicitly by ancient
critics need cause little surprise. The distinction may have been
familiar enough to be tacitly assumed. It is, in fact, often assumed; it
was quite clear in the mind of whoever wrote the _De sublimitate_; but
it is sharply defined and fully carried out only by Aristotle. We must
remember that ancient criticism had no second Aristotle, that it was
preoccupied with rhetoric, and that it usually discussed speaking and
writing, as modern criticism does no less usually, in terms of style.
The long history of criticism shows few outstanding works on composition
in the large. None the less for the meagerness of criticism, the active
presence of the distinction is seen in the greatest works of antiquity.
Nor is the distinction unknown to modern criticism. It is misinterpreted,
for instance, at the beginning of Blair’s Lecture XXXVIII, confirmed
by De Quincey’s distinction[8] between literature of knowledge and
literature of power, and revived in the division, cited by Renard[9] from
H. Balzac, into “_écrivains d’idées_ and _écrivains d’images_.” But in
spite of significant occurrences and recurrences, it seems not to have
controlled any consecutive movement of modern criticism.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account