Ancient rhetoric and poetic : $b Interpreted from representative worksBaldwin, Charles Sears
History
Ancient rhetoric and poetic : $b Interpreted from representative works
Baldwin, Charles Sears
Classical literature -- History and criticism -- Theory, etc.; Poetics -- History -- To 1500; Rhetoric, Ancient
There is need ... of oversight and guidance ... for a choice
of words at once pure and noble ... and a sentence movement
combining charm with dignity.... The chief heads under which
I propose to treat the subject are the following: what is the
nature of sentence movement and what force it has; what are its
aims and how it attains them; what are its generic varieties,
and what is the distinctive feature of each, and which of them
I believe to be best; and still further, what is that poetical
something, both pleasant on the tongue and sweet to the ear,
which naturally accompanies the sentence movement of prose, and
wherein lies the force of that poetical method which imitates
unpoetical speech and succeeds thoroughly in the imitation, and
by what method each of these two may be attained.[4]
Sentence movement, moreover, Dionysius thinks to be more important than
the choice of words.[5] He supports this assertion first by analyzing a
passage from the _Odyssey_.[6]
Everybody would, I am sure, testify that these lines cast a
spell of enchantment on the ear, and rank second to no poetry
whatsoever, however exquisite it may be. But what is the secret
of their fascination, and what causes them to be what they are?
Is it the choice of words or the sentence movement? No one
will say “the choice”; of that I am convinced. For the diction
consists, warp and woof, of the most ordinary, the humblest
words, such as might have been used off-hand by a farmer,
a seaman, an artisan, or anybody else who takes no account
of elegant speech. You have only to break up the meter, and
these same lines seem commonplace and unworthy of admiration.
For they contain neither noble metaphors nor _hypallages_
nor _catachreses_ nor any other figurative language; nor yet
many unusual terms, nor foreign or new-coined words. What
alternative, then, is left but to attribute the beauty of the
style to the sentence movement?
In like manner he urges concerning a passage from Herodotus:[7]
Here again no one can say that the grace of the style is due
to the impressiveness and the dignity of the words. These
have not been picked and chosen with studious care; they are
simply the labels affixed to things by Nature. Indeed, it would
perhaps have been out of place to use other and grander words.
I take it, in fact, to be always necessary, whenever ideas are
expressed in proper and appropriate language, that no word
should be more dignified than the nature of the ideas. That
there is no stately or grandiose word in the present passage,
any one who likes may prove by simply changing the harmony.
There are many similar passages in this author, from which it
can be seen that the fascination of his style does not after
all lie in the beauty of the words, but in their combination.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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