ANCIENT ROME AND MODERN AMERICA A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MORALS AND MANNERS BY GUGLIELMO FERRERO AUTHOR OF “THE GREATNESS AND DECLINE OF ROME,” ETC. G. P. PUTNAM’S SONS NEW YORK AND LONDON The Knickerbocker Press COPYRIGHT, 1914 BY GUGLIELMO FERRERO Third Impression The Knickerbocker Press, New York PUBLISHER’S NOTE The reader will find in the following pages reference to another work by Dr. Ferrero which will shortly come into publication under the title of _Between the Old World and the New_. It is in order to explain that _Between the Old World and the New_ was brought into print in continental editions (in Italy, in France and elsewhere) before the publication of the present work. The author has, however, decided, that for the English-speaking readers of the two volumes it would be advisable to change the order of publication and to issue first this study of Morals and Manners. The second book, _Between the Old World and the New_, will appear, in New York and in London, early in the autumn of 1914. NEW YORK, _April, 1914_. CONTENTS PAGE _PART ONE_ WHAT IS PROGRESS? 3 _PART TWO_ ANCIENT HISTORY AND THE MODERN WORLD CHAPTER I. ANCIENT SOCIAL SYSTEMS AND CONTEMPORARY AMERICA 21 II. QUANTITY AND QUALITY 40 III. WOMAN AND HOME 60 IV. THE LESSON OF THE FALL OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE 77 V. UPS AND DOWNS 97 _PART THREE_ EUROPE AND AMERICA I. THE AMERICAN DEFINITION OF PROGRESS 115 II. FACTS AND MOTIVES IN THE MODERN WORLD 139 III. MORE OR BETTER? 161 IV. THE LOST PARADISE OF BEAUTY 182 V. BEYOND EVERY LIMIT 201 VI. THE RIDDLE OF AMERICA 223 _PART FOUR_ POLITICS AND JUSTICE IN ANCIENT ROME I. THE TRIAL OF VERRES 251 II. THE TRIAL OF CLODIUS 275 III. THE TRIAL OF PISO 299 _PART FIVE_ THE LIMIT OF SPORT 331 ANCIENT ROME AND MODERN AMERICA PART I WHAT IS PROGRESS? WHAT IS PROGRESS?