Ancient Rome and Modern America; A Comparative Study of Morals and MannersFerrero, Guglielmo
History
Ancient Rome and Modern America; A Comparative Study of Morals and Manners
Ferrero, Guglielmo
America -- Civilization; Europe -- Civilization; Justice, Administration of -- Rome; Progress
When, after fourteen days of discussion, the first phase of the case
came to an end and there was a suspension of proceedings pending the
second phase, Verres, his defenders, and his friends, were obliged to
hold a council of war. The situation was desperate. The hope of tiring
out public opinion with the length of the proceedings had proved a
vain illusion. There was no longer room for hope that the court might
acquit Verres. Even if every one of the judges had been convinced of
the entire and complete innocence of Verres, they would not have dared
to acquit him in face of the excited state of public opinion, for fear
of being suspected of corruption. Rome, Italy, the Empire, would have
declared with one voice that the judges had absolved Verres because
they had been bought with the gold which he had extorted in such
quantities from the Sicilians. The public clamoured for their victim.
Besides, even supposing that the judges had the inconceivable courage
to acquit Verres, his political career, after such a scandal, was at
an end. What use was it then to persist with the struggle, when the
battle was already irretrievably lost? It was best to give in. Verres
had better not show himself further at the trial, and had better go
into voluntary exile. In that case, he was sure to be fined much less
heavily, and to save his patrimony from the wreck of his political
fortunes.
Verres bowed his head to destiny, which had chosen him to be, in the
eyes of Italy and the Empire, the victim sacrificed to expiate the
misdeeds and the outrages committed by all the Roman governors since
the restoration of Sulla. When the trial began again, for the second
and decisive phase, he did not put in an appearance. He had already
gone into exile. Such was the delight of the judges that, by declaring
himself guilty, he had spared them the unpleasant and responsible task
of doing so themselves, that they inflicted upon him the lightest of
punishments. They condemned him to pay, not _one hundred_ millions,
as the Sicilians demanded, but only _three_ millions of _sestertii_.
A fine of three million _sestertii_ was the judicial imprimatur on a
trial, in the course of which a member of the Roman aristocracy had
been accused by a host of witnesses of the greatest atrocities and
outrages, some of which, if true, would have sufficed to bring him to
the scaffold.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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