As there appears to be some difference of opinion among botanists as to whether certain trees, now common in our forests, such as elm and beech, are indigenous to Scotland, my attention was directed at an early stage of the investigations at Lochlee to the importance of determining the different kinds of wood used in the structure of the crannog. Accordingly, I collected specimens of the wood and other vegetal remains encountered during the excavations, and in due time forwarded them to Professor Balfour, Edinburgh, who had kindly agreed to examine and report upon them, but unfortunately, owing to ill-health, he was unable to do so, and the box containing the specimens, after lying in Edinburgh for some weeks, was returned unopened. Ultimately, however, Dr. Bayley Balfour, Professor of Botany in the University of Glasgow, undertook this task, and it is to him I am therefore indebted for the following report:-- "I shall send by train to-morrow the box of Lochlee vegetable remains. I have examined them carefully, and you will find each specimen numbered, the numbers corresponding with those in the appended list. There is not so much variety in the wood as I anticipated, and I am surprised to find neither oak nor fir. The tissue of the wood is in most cases considerably decomposed, the wood cells, as might be expected, being most affected. Betwixt alder (_Alnus glutinosa_, L.) and poplar (_Populus tremula_, L.), the only indigenous species, there is really very little difference in wood structure, and indeed birch (_Betula alba_, L.) and hazel (_Corylus Avellana_, L.) are not far removed, so that that when the texture of the wood is much compressed, and decomposition has progressed, an identification is somewhat hazardous, and I have therefore queried my determination in some cases. No beech occurs amongst the specimens you sent me." The following is a summary of the detailed list:-- I. _Brushwood, etc._--The various specimens of wood which were selected from below the log pavement have been classified as belonging to one or other of the following trees, viz., birch (_Betula alba_), hazel (_Corylus Avellana_), alder (_Alnus glutinosa_), and willow (_Salix_, sp.). II. _Wooden Relics._--One of the implements (Fig. 118), which appeared to be made of a different kind of wood from any of the rest, has been identified by Dr. Balfour as elm (_Ulmus montana_, Sm.); and the piece of board with the carved diagrams (see pages 134, 135) is found to be ash (_Fraxinus excelsior_, L.). The rest of the relics were not submitted to Dr. Balfour, as they had so crumbled into dust (except those made of oak, all of which were easily recognised) that their identification appeared impossible. III. Among the remaining vegetal remains collected from the débris above the log pavement, Dr. Balfour has identified the following species:--