Front soldiers return--The central congress of Germany's Soviets--Radicals in an insignificant minority--A new _Vollzugsrat_ of Majority Socialists appointed--The People's Marine Division revolts--Independent Socialists leave the cabinet--The Spartacus League organized--The national government's authority flouted--Aggressions by Czechs and Poles--An epidemic of strikes. Chapter XV. Liebknecht Tries to Overthrow the Government; Is Arrested and Killed. 225 The first Bolshevist uprising--Prominent Berlin newspapers seized by the Spartacans--The Independent Socialists' double-dealing--Capture of the _Vorwaerts_ plant--Ledebour, Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg arrested--Liebknecht and Luxemburg killed--The Bolsheviki turn their attention to coast cities. Chapter XVI. The National Assembly. 237 Germany's political parties reorganize--Theodor Wolff--Composition of the National Assembly--Convenes at Weimar--Spartacans stage various uprisings--Friedrich Ebert elected provisional president of the German Republic--Germany's desperate financial situation--The difference between theory and practice. Chapter XVII. The Spartacans Rise Again. 251 Germany still hungering--Promised supplies of food delayed--Gas and coal shortage--Strikes add to people's sufferings--The Spartacans plan another uprising--Severe fighting in Berlin--The radical newspaper _Die rote Fahne_ suppressed--Independent Socialists go over to the Spartacans--Independent Socialist and Spartacan Platforms contrasted. Chapter XVIII. Red or White Internationalism: Which? 265 Radicalism encouraged by Bolshevism's success in Hungary. Chapter XIX. The Weimar Constitution. 273 History of the new constitution--An advancedly democratic institution--Important change in constitution on third reading--The imperial constitution ceases to exist--Two "main divisions"--Construction of the state--Preambles of old and new constitutions compared--Fundamental and sweeping changes--Radical curtailment of states' rights--The President--The Reichstag, importance assigned to it--The Reichsrat--Legislative procedure--Referendum and initiative--Amendments--"Fundamental rights and fundamental duties of the Germans"--Articles on social and economic life--Socialist influence becomes unmistakable--Sweeping socialization made possible--Workmen's council is "anchored" in the constitution. The Constitution of the German Commonwealth. 294 Translation by WILLIAM BENNETT MUNRO and ARTHUR NORMAN HOLCOMBE. Reprinted by permission of the World Peace Foundation. Foreword.