Andrée, Salomon August, 1854-1897; Balloon ascensions; North Pole
A variety of birds, very common in these regions, among them the auk,
or fulmar (a kind of wild duck), which dives immediately it is pursued.
This is, moreover, the way in which these birds seek their food, like all
birds of the polar regions, for they live on fish. The steward of the
vessel has just killed two with one shot. These birds have a very clumsy
flight, their tail is very short, and it is only with the aid of their
web feet that they steer themselves.
Yesterday, while passing near the Isle of Beeren-Eiland, which was hidden
from our view by the fog, we saw myriads of birds of all kinds, among
others a large number of sea-gulls.
This morning the thermometer stood at 2° above zero (Centigrade), 35·6
Fahr.
There was hoar-frost all along the rigging, and the sailors on the watch
above cannot be overwarm.
We met a Norwegian sailing boat which was hunting walrusses, and had been
cruising for several days in sight of Spitzbergen; they gave us some
useful hints as to the state of the ice. Every now and then a sailor took
soundings; the depth was from 15 to 20 fathoms.
The _Virgo_ has just stopped her engines; the officers are holding a
council. We are at the 76th degree of latitude, and we have not much
further to go in order to reach Ice-Fjord, where we shall put in first
before proceeding to Norsk-Oarna.
To the right the mountains covered with eternal snow; in front of us
an impassable ice-field. There is an open passage near the coast, but
the captain does not know the depth of water there. He is examining his
charts. We shall have to wait. However, I fear a delay which will not
suit Andrée.
III
The Installation
_Wednesday, June 17th, in lat. 77° N._—After having vainly sought a
passage during the whole of yesterday, the captain considered it wise to
take refuge in the Horn-Sund Bay, a small natural port to the south-east
of Spitzbergen, where he cast anchor this morning at four o’clock.
Here we are secure from all danger, and shall patiently wait till the sea
is open, which will not be long.
Our little harbour is a marvel of creation; a ring of mountains covered
with snow, the summits of which were this morning veiled in mist. Immense
glaciers, from which portions detach themselves with a fearful crash,
animate this white landscape, while at the same time they inspire us with
a feeling of vague dread. Gigantic icebergs, resembling in their shape
and bluish colour immense crystals of copperas, are drifting about in
the middle of the bay—a veritable oasis, where the temperature is very
mild, notwithstanding the snow which covers the ground almost entirely.
The sun is very hot, casting a golden reflection over the whole of this
charming picture, which the birds enhance by their glad song, as if to
testify to their joy and love of life.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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