Andrée, Salomon August, 1854-1897; Balloon ascensions; North Pole
This very difficult work (the envelope alone of the balloon weighs nearly
3,086 lbs., and the net 992 lbs.) was finished in the evening of the
22nd, in a fine and penetrating rain. On the morning of the 23rd snow
commenced to fall in large flakes. The balloon is covered by it with a
thick layer, when about a hundred cubic feet of gas commence to raise
with difficulty the heavy envelope of silk. This operation commences even
before the shed is quite finished. Part of the upper enclosures is still
wanting, and Andrée abandons the idea of having the canvas awning put up,
which, however, would have been very useful; but time presses, and every
delay may jeopardize the departure.
The car, installed in an annex to the shed, is marvellously devised.
The lower part is completely surrounded with sailcloth. It receives its
light through two lateral windows. The middle is occupied by a kind of
mattress, covered with a sleeping sack of reindeer skins.
All around are compartments for holding books, charts, and instruments,
toilet articles, and the kitchen utensils, arms, ammunition, etc. It
is entered through a trap-door made in the ceiling. Above, at a height
of one metre, a ring, mounted on jointed railings, which keep it in a
horizontal position, forms a balcony, in the centre of which two of the
explorers will remain while the third is resting. To this circle the
instruments,—compasses, sextants, theodolites, barometers, thermometers,
photographic appliances, etc., are attached.
The six ropes, by which the car is suspended, are joined at the upper
part by a cable, which brings them nearer to the centre, while keeping
them away from the balcony; they then extend from this hexagon towards
the suspension ring, which is fastened to the net.
Six canvas pockets, with compartments, are fixed between the suspending
ropes from the ceiling of the car up to the balcony, for the reception of
any articles or instruments which the aeronauts may require to have at
hand at any moment.
The load ring carries a table or board divided into compartments occupied
by four baskets intended to hold a number of accessories, buoys,
grapnels, ropes, etc.
In the centre of the platform a square opening leaves room for a rope
ladder, attached to the appendage of the balloon, and facilitates the
inspection of the interior through windows let into the safety valve.
This platform may, if necessary, serve as a refuge for the aeronauts,
should they be compelled to abandon the car.
The load ring supports a differential pulley for moving the guide-ropes,
the action of which, combined with that of the sail, is to afford the
possibility of a certain deviation from the direction of the wind.
The sails are fixed to the net by hemp straps.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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