The nature of the grounds on which the latter assumption is based must first be briefly indicated. It is commonly asserted that fear of man, the inveterate hunter and sportsman, is inherited by many animals, as is also that of other natural enemies. This is, however, questioned, or even denied, by many careful observers. Mr. W. H. Hudson has an excellent chapter on “Fear in Birds” in his “Naturalist in La Plata,” and concludes that fear of particular enemies is, in nearly all cases, the result of experience individually acquired. I have found that pheasants, partridges, plovers, domestic chicks, and other young birds, hatched in an incubator, show no signs of fear in the presence of dog or cat, so long as the animal is not aggressive. It should be mentioned, however, that Miss M. Hunt[17] asserts that chicks do show inherited fear of the cat. Dr. Thorndike’s[18] observations, on the other hand, support my own, which I have since repeated with the same results. Neither birds nor small mammals show any signs of fear of stealthily moving snakes. My fox terrier smelt, nose to nose, a young lamb which was lying alone in a field. I was close at hand, and could detect no indication of alarm on the part of the lamb till the mother came running up in great excitement. Then the lamb ran off to her dam. Whenever opportunity has arisen, I have introduced young kittens to my fox terrier, and have never seen any sign of inherited fear. He was a great hunter of strange cats, but was trained to behave politely to all birds and beasts within the precincts of my study. It is true that he was on good terms, or at least terms of permissive neutrality, with the kittens’ mother. And it may be said that this was inherited; but such an argument cannot apply in the case of pheasant or lamb.