Animal Intelligence: The International Scientific Series, Vol. XLIV.Romanes, George John
Science
Animal Intelligence: The International Scientific Series, Vol. XLIV.
Romanes, George John
Animal behavior; Animal intelligence
I am aware that the phenomena now described have been
observed by others, and they appear to have been
familiarly known to the inhabitants of the district in
which the animals are found. Sufficient confirmation
of the facts is also to be found in the narratives of
'G. Biddie' and 'M. L.' contained in 'Nature,' vol.
ix., pp. 29-47, and it will be observed that the
circumstances leading the animal to self-destruction
in these instances were somewhat similar to those
narrated by my informant. It is abundantly clear,
therefore, that the view taken by Mr. Hutchinson,
viz., that the 'popular idea regarding scorpionic
suicide is a delusion based on an impossibility,' is
wholly untenable; indeed, the recurved direction of
the sting, which he refers to as creating the
impossibility of the animal destroying itself,
actually facilitates the operation of inflicting the
wound. I suppose Mr. Hutchinson, arguing from the
analogy of bees or wasps, imagined that the sting
would be bent forwards upon the body, whereas the
wound of the scorpion is invariably inflicted by a
recurvation of the tail over the back of the animal.
It will be perceived that these observations were not made by Dr. Allen
Thomson himself, and that there are certain inherent discrepancies in
the account which he has published--such, for instance, as the reason
given for trying and repeating the experiment, the method being clearly
a cumbersome one to employ if the only object were that of 'disposing
of' the animals. Nevertheless, as Dr. Thomson is a high authority, and
as I learn from him that he is satisfied regarding the capability and
veracity of his informant, I have not felt justified in suppressing his
evidence. Still I think that so remarkable a fact unquestionably demands
further corroboration before we should be justified in accepting it
unreservedly. For if it is a fact, it stands as a unique case of an
instinct detrimental alike to the individual and to the species.
FOOTNOTES:
[75] _Body and Mind_, p. 275.
[76] _Nature_, xxiii., pp. 149-50.
[77] _Naturalist on the Amazon_, p. 83.
[78] For many other confirmations see Sir E. Tennent, _Nat. Hist.
Ceylon_, pp. 468-69.
[79] Kirby, vol. ii., p. 298.
[80] Thompson, _Passions of Animals_, p. 145.
[81] _Loc. cit._, p. 316 _et seq._
[82] _Hist. Habits and Inst. of Animals_, vol. ii. p. 296.
[83] _Nature_, vol. xx., p. 581.
[A] _Loc. cit._, p. 323.
[84] _Harvesting Ants and Trap-door Spiders_, p. 120.
[85] 'The History and Habits of _Epeira aurelia_,' in _Annals and Mag.
of Nat. Hist._ for June 1865.
[86] _Harvesting Ants and Trap-door Spiders_, p. 126. This admirable
work, with its appendix, contains a very full account of the whole
economy of the interesting animals with which it is concerned.
[87] _Loc. cit._, p. 319.
[88] _Gleanings_, vol. i., p. 103.
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