It has already been remarked that, in the case of aquatic animals, there is probably little distinction between taste and smell. It would be well, perhaps, to restrict the word "smell" to the stimuli produced by vapours or air-borne particles, and to use the phrase "telæsthetic taste," or simply "taste," for those cases where the effects are produced through the medium of solution. In this case, however, the point to be specially noticed is that taste in aquatic animals becomes a telæsthetic sense, informing the organism of the presence of more or less distant food. Thus, if you stir with your finger the water in which leeches are living, they will soon flock to the spot, showing that the telæsthetic sense is associated with an appreciation of direction. If a stick be used to stir the water, they do not take any notice of it. Mr. W. Bateson[ET] has shown that there are many fishes, among which are the dog-fish, skate, conger eel, rockling, loach, sole, and sterlet, which habitually seek their food by scent (telæsthetic taste), aided to some extent by touch, and but little, if at all, by sight. "None of these fishes ever starts in quest of food when it is first put into the tank, but waits for an interval, doubtless until the scent has been diffused through the water. Having perceived the scent of food, they swim vaguely about, and appear to seek it by examining the whole area pervaded by the scent, having seemingly no sense of the direction whence it proceeds." I venture to think that further observation and experiment may show that such a sense of direction does in some cases exist. Some years ago I was fishing in Simon's Bay, at the Cape, with a long casting-line. The sea was unusually calm, and the water clear as crystal. Beneath me was a clear patch of granite, two or three yards across, surrounded by tangled seaweed. Evening was coming on, and I was just going to put up my tackle when I saw a long dark fish slowly sail into the open space and take up his position at one side. My line was out, baited, I think, with a piece of cuttle-fish, and I tried to draw it into the clear space, but only succeeded in bringing it to within a foot or so of the side furthest from the fish. There it got hitched in the weed; but the fish being still undisturbed, I awaited further developments. After two or three minutes the fish slowly turned, crossed the pool, and remained motionless for a few moments; then he proceeded straight to the bait; and in a few minutes I had landed a dog-fish between four and five feet long. I did not then know that the dog-fish sought its food mainly or solely by scent (taste); but in any case I do not think in this instance he could have seen the bait, hidden as it was amid the seaweed.