Animal Locomotion; or, walking, swimming, and flying: With a dissertation on aëronauticsPettigrew, James Bell
Science
Animal Locomotion; or, walking, swimming, and flying: With a dissertation on aëronautics
Pettigrew, James Bell
Aeronautics; Animal locomotion
Nor is this love of motion confined to the animal kingdom. We admire a
cataract more than a canal; the sea is grander in a hurricane than in
a calm; and the fleecy clouds which constantly flit overhead are more
agreeable to the eye than a horizon of tranquil blue, however deep
and beautiful. We never tire of sunshine and shadow when together: we
readily tire of either by itself. Inorganic changes and movements are
scarcely less interesting than organic ones. The disaffected growl of
the thunder, and the ghastly lightning flash, scorching and withering
whatever it touches, forcibly remind us that everything above, below,
and around is in motion. Of absolute rest, as Mr. Grove eloquently
puts it, nature gives us no evidence. All matter, whether living or
dead, whether solid, liquid, or gaseous, is constantly changing form:
in other words, is constantly moving. It is well it is so; for those
incessant changes in inorganic matter and living organisms introduce
that fascinating variety which palls not upon the eye, the ear, the
touch, the taste, or the smell. If an absolute repose everywhere
prevailed, and plants and animals ceased to grow; if day ceased to
alternate with night and the fountains were dried up or frozen; if the
shadows refused to creep, the air and rocks to reverberate, the clouds
to drift, and the great race of created beings to move, the world would
be no fitting habitation for man. In change he finds his present solace
and future hope. The great panorama of life is interesting because it
moves. One change involves another, and everything which co-exists,
co-depends. This co-existence and inter-dependence causes us not only
to study ourselves, but everything around us. By discovering natural
laws we are permitted in God’s good providence to harness and yoke
natural powers, and already the giant Steam drags along at incredible
speed the rumbling car and swiftly gliding boat; the quadruped has been
literally outraced on the land, and the fish in the sea; each has been,
so to speak, beaten in its own domain. That the tramway of the air may
and will be traversed by man’s ingenuity at some period or other, is,
reasoning from analogy and the nature of things, equally certain. If
there were no flying things--if there were no insects, bats, or birds
as models, artificial flight (such are the difficulties attending its
realization) might well be regarded an impossibility. As, however, the
flying creatures are legion, both as regards number, size, and pattern,
and as the bodies of all are not only manifestly heavier than the
air, but are composed of hard and soft parts, similar in all respects
to those composing the bodies of the other members of the animal
kingdom, we are challenged to imitate the movements of the insect,
bat, and bird in the air, as we have already imitated the movements
of the quadruped on the land and the fish in the water. We have made
two successful steps, and have only to make a third to complete that
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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