+---------------+-----------+----------+---------+----------------------+ | | | Northern | Extends | Minutes of latitude | | Date | Longitude | limit |N. and S.| Northern limit is N. | | | | | Miles | of Cape Adare | +---------------+-----------+----------+---------+----------------------+ | Jan. 12, 1840 | 166° E. | 64° 30' | -- | 400 (Wilkes) | | | | | | | | Jan. 3, 1902 | 178° E. | 67° S. | 140 | 250 (_Discovery_) | | | | | | | | Dec. 31, 1902 | 180° E. | 66° 30' | 60 | 280 (_Morning_) | | | | | | | | |Second belt| 69° | 30 | 130 (_Morning_) | | | | | | | | Dec. 20, 1908 | 178° W. | 66° 30' | 60 | 270 (_Nimrod_) | | | | | | | | Dec. 9, 1910 | 178° W. | 64° 45' | 300 | 390 (_Terra Nova_) | | | | | | | | Dec. 27, 1911 | 177° W. | 65° 20' | 160 | 360 (_Terra Nova_) | | | | | | | | Mar. 8, 1911 | 162° E. | 64° 30' | 270 | 400 (_Terra Nova_) | +---------------+-----------+----------+---------+----------------------+ [Illustration: Fig. 8. "... And later, form the Beautiful Terraces of the Ice-foot"] [Illustration: Fig. 9. Penguins at the Rookery (Page 18)] The exact whereabouts of the Adélie penguins during the winter months has been much discussed by different writers. It is agreed that they repair to the pack-ice, but our knowledge of the movements of this pack is very vague at the present time, and so unfortunately I can give but a rough idea of the subject. I have collected and noted down the latest evidence for the benefit of the zoologists of future expeditions who may wish to investigate the matter further, and I am indebted for nearly the whole of it to Commander Harry L. Pennell, R.N., commander of the _Terra Nova_ from 1910 to 1913, who kindly drew up for me Tables A and B (_see_ pp. 13 and 14). Probably the information which more nearly concerns the penguins of Cape Adare rookery will be found in Table A. The birds from Cape Crozier and Cape Royds rookeries must have some four hundred miles further to travel when they go North in the autumn than those at Cape Adare. PART I THE FASTING PERIOD Diary from October 13 to November 3, describing the arrival of the Adélie penguins at the rookery, and habits during the periods of mating and building.