Anthony Wayne, 1745-1796Public Library of Fort Wayne and Allen County
History
Anthony Wayne, 1745-1796
Public Library of Fort Wayne and Allen County
United States -- History -- Revolution, 1775-1783 -- Biography; Wayne, Anthony, 1745-1796
In a reorganization of the army late in 1778, he was transferred to the
command of a separate corps of Continental light infantry. This corps,
under his leadership, on July 16, 1779, captured by surprise the
garrison at Stony Point, the northernmost British post on the Hudson.
Over five hundred prisoners, fifteen cannon, and some valuable stores
were taken. For his conduct in this affair Congress ordered a medal to
be struck and presented to him. Early in 1780 he led some desultory
movements against the British on the lower Hudson, aimed to embarrass
their collecting of supplies and cattle and to alleviate the attacks
being made on Connecticut. When Arnold attempted to deliver West Point
to the British on Sept. 25, 1780, Wayne’s prompt movement to that post
prevented a British occupation. After the Pennsylvania line mutinied in
December 1780, Wayne was instrumental in presenting the soldiers’
demands for pay and release to Congress and in getting Congress to
redress their grievances. In the Yorktown campaign he was ordered south
to serve under Lafayette, who was opposing Cornwallis on the lower James
River. When Cornwallis withdrew from Williamsburg, Wayne was ordered to
attack part of the British army that was mistakenly supposed to be
separated from the rest. With some 800 men he attacked the British army
of perhaps 5,000 at Green Spring, Va., on July 6, 1781, and, upon
discovering the mistake, he led a charge into the British lines that
deceived Cornwallis long enough to permit Wayne to extricate himself
with only minor losses.
After the British surrender at Yorktown, Wayne, serving under Gen.
Nathanael Greene, was sent to oppose the British, Loyalist, and Indian
hostiles in Georgia. He had the tact to divide the Indian opposition by
spreading news of the American victory so that, when the Creek
irreconcilables attacked his small force in May 1782, he was able to
rout them. He negotiated treaties of submission with the Creek and
Cherokee in the winter of 1782 and 1783. In 1783 he retired from active
service as brevet major-general.
[Illustration: Wayne’s horse was shot by Indians in Georgia....]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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