quiet in this position as long as he was permitted to do so, and when taken away would scream like a child. When Frau Hermes left the room, he would run after her, and try to scramble up as soon as he reached her; if she took his hand, he went with her quietly. This gibbon may be compared favourably with other anthropoids, on account of his extraordinary cleanliness. He always returned to the place first used for his necessities, and never made his bed or the room unclean. There was not a trace of smell about him, so that he was quite an agreeable companion; and he shared the bed of one of Dr. Hermes’ children without causing the least disturbance or discomfort. He was fond of swinging to and fro by a cord, to which he held with one hand. A specimen of _Hylobates funereus_ was kept in Paris for about a year. It was very intelligent, yet less so than other anthropoids. It knew its keepers and frequent visitors, and was pleased to be fondled; but it showed no preference for one person more than another, not even for its keeper. Martin describes how in 1840, in Paris, a live bird was let into the cage of an _Hylobates agilis_. After watching its flight, the ape swung himself on to a distant bough, which he seized with one hand and the bird with the other. Its objects, both the bird and the bough, were attained with as much certainty as if only one object had arrested its attention. He bit off the bird’s head, plucked out the feathers, and then threw it away. Another female specimen of _Hylobates agilis_ suddenly attacked her keeper, sprang upon him, scratched him with hands and feet, and bit him on the breast, so that it was fortunate for the man that the creature had shortly before lost her canine teeth. It was said that the same ape had killed a man in Macao. Anthropoids when kept in confinement suffer from caries of the teeth and jaws, from chronic and acute bronchial and intestinal catarrhs, from inflammation and consumption of the lungs, from inflammation of the liver, from pericardial dropsy, from parasites of the skin and intestines, etc. When ill, as we learn from many sources, these animals display much resemblance to men. Among others, Bock observed an aged male orang-utan in Sumatra, suffering from consumption, which lay nearly all day wrapped in a coverlet, and was constantly racked by a violent cough.[125] On the skulls of wild gorillas and chimpanzees we find traces of caries of the teeth and jaws, by which, therefore, these animals may be affected in a state of nature, as well as by parasites on the skin and intestines. CHAPTER VII. POSITION OF ANTHROPOIDS IN THE ZOOLOGICAL SYSTEM.