It has already been said that when we compare men and anthropoids,
the profile of the coloured man presents a striking likeness to that
of anthropoids. This is believed by the coloured people themselves,
who, especially among negro races, regard the large apes as accursed
individuals of their own species, as dumb and hairy men, and so
on. It should, however, be noticed that anthropomorphism plays an
important part in the religious life of rude peoples, and that it is
comparatively easy for uncivilized men to place themselves on the
same level as animals, while civilized races reject such ideas with
self-conscious pride. I may add that civilized men are revolted by the
proverbial ugliness of apes, and therefore reject with abhorrence any
admission of actual relationship with them. We must, however, remember
that men are by no means generally endowed with physical beauty,
and especially with beauty of feature. Among all nations we find
individuals whose ugliness is little inferior to that of anthropoids,
and which sometimes even exceeds it. A claim to a widely diffused
physical beauty may be made by the peoples of classical antiquity; by
the Teutonic, Roumanian, and Slav races; by the Circassians, Armenians,
Tartars, Turks, Senites, Berbers, Bedja; and by some of the Indians,
Polynesians, American Indians, and negroes: but such attractions
are rare among other peoples of the world, such as the Mongols, the
majority of negroes, Papuans, Guaranis, and Malays. We have already
shown that among some of the lower races it is impossible not to
recognize a purely external and physical approximation to the simian
type.
Some men, again, altogether on psychical grounds, shrink from admitting
any relationship between men and apes, since the mental organization
of the former seems to them to be allied by no connecting-link
with the anthropoids of which they think so meanly. Yet it should
not be forgotten that the modes of living in degraded races differ
little from those of anthropoids. I may here refer to what I have
said of the Australian aborigines, whose brutal instincts demand
our whole attention when we undertake such comparisons. A horde of
Botocudos, mentioned by the intelligent observer Prince Maximilian
of Neuwied,[131] and a village on the upper Yupurá, inhabited by the
Mirenhas, and described by Martius,[132] left upon the travellers a
grisly impression of their brutal degradation. This impression might
be further strengthened if we could inspect a hutted encampment of the
Obongo or the Doko.
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