(3) Marc. de Serres first directed the attention of naturalists to this mosaic. Comp. Froriep, Notizen zur Natur- und Heilkunde, book 42. It has been frequently said that the original of this mosaic is in the Museum of Antiquities at Berlin. Undoubtedly the mosaic in question also consists of a landscape with hippopotami, crocodile, etc., but it cannot be compared with that of Palestrina, which is to my knowledge in the Barberini palace at Rome. (4) See the Natural History of the younger Pliny, ii. 172; vii. 2. (5) Regnum Congo: hoc est Vera Descriptio Regni Africani quod tam ab incolis quam Lusitanis Congus appellatur, per Philippum Pigafettam, olim ex Edoardo Lopez acromatis lingua Italica excerpta, nunc Latio sermone donata ab Aug. Cassiod. Reinio. Iconibus et imaginibus rerum memorabilium quasi vivis, opera et industria Joan. Theod. et Joan. Israelis de Bry, fratrum exornata (Francofurti, MDXCVIII.). (6) Abhandlungen der Königl. Bayrischen Akademie der Wissenschaften (iii. cl. ix. div. 1). (7) A voyage to Congo and several other countries in Southern Africa, Church collection of voyages and travels (London, 1744), i. 651. (8) Relation d’un voyage fait en 1695–97 aux côtes d’Afrique, etc. (Paris, 1699). (9) Nouveau voyage en Guinée, p. 74. (10) Observationes Medicæ (Amsterdam), § 56. I have recently had occasion to doubt whether Tulpe’s representation of an ape is not founded on that of an orang-utan of average size. At any rate, the head of the animal given by this anatomist reminds me more of an orang than of a chimpanzee. (11) The Anatomy of a Pygmy, compared with that of a Monkey, an Ape, and a Man. With an Essay concerning the Pygmies, etc., of the Ancients (edit. i., London, 1699; edit. ii., 1751). (12) Purchas, His Pilgrims. I have made use of the edition published in London in 1625 (vol. ii. 982). (13) Beschryvinge des Afrikaensche gewesten van Egypten, Barbaryen, Lybien, Biledulgerid, Negrosland, Ethiopien, Abyssinie, etc. (Amsterdam, 1688; edit. ii. 1679). I have made use of the German version of 1760. (14) The name Quojas Morrou is also used by Tulpe. A living specimen of these animals was given by Dapper to Prince Frederick Henry of Orange, and is perhaps the one described by Tulpe. (15) Mission from Cape Coast Castle to Ashanti (London, 1819: trans. Weimar, 1820; Vienna, 1826). I have made use of the latter translation. (16) Trans. of the Zoolog. Soc., vol. iii., 1848: On a new species of Chimpanzee, by Professor Owen. (17) A description of the external characters and habits of Troglodytes Gorilla, by Ph. S. Savage, and of the osteology of the same, by Jeffreys Wyman (Journal of Nat. Hist., Boston, 1847, vol. v.). (18) Th. Savage: Notice of Troglodytes Gorilla, a new species of Orang on the Gaboon (Boston, 1847). Comp. Kneeland in Proc. of the Boston Soc. of Nat. Hist., 1850, 1852. (19) Ostéographie (Paris, 1839–64). Atlas, vol. iv., Mammifères, plate i.